关键词： Immunology   Virology   Biochemistry  

摘要： Post-coronavirus disease condition (PCC) continues to affect many people globally, yet there remains a lack of diagnostic biomarkers to distinguish PCC from those recovered from acute COVID-19. This study compared biomarkers between two age- and gender-matched groups: PCC individuals and those recovered within three months of acute COVID-19 in 2020 ( n  = 85 each). Biomarkers were assessed 12–24 months after initial diagnosis, examining biochemical profiles, blood cell counts, coagulation status, antibody serology, lymphocyte populations, and cytokine levels. PCC individuals exhibited significant alterations in 49 of 167 markers, including K+ levels, αGAD antibodies, antithrombin III, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). A panel of αGAD, IL-10, potassium levels, and CD16 bright CD56 − cell presence distinguished PCC individuals from recovered patients with >88% accuracy and <92% precision.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2   Wastewater   Wastewater-based surveillance   RT-LAMP   RT-qPCR   VIRUS  

摘要： Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies in wastewater can be used to estimate COVID-19 prevalence in communities. While such results are important for mitigating disease spread, SARS-CoV-2 measurements require sophisticated equipment and trained personnel, for which a centralized laboratory is necessary. This significantly impacts the time to result, defeating its purpose as an early warning detection tool. The objective of this study was to evaluate a field portable device (called MINI) for detecting SARS-CoV-2 viral loads in wastewater using real-time reverse transcriptase loop -mediated isothermal amplification (real-time RT-LAMP). The device was tested using wastewater samples collected from buildings (with 430 to 1430 inhabitants) that had known COVID19-positive cases. Results show comparable performance of RT-LAMP against reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) when detecting SARS-CoV-2 copies in wastewater. Both RT-LAMP and RT-qPCR detected SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater from buildings with at least three positive individuals within a 6 -day time frame prior to diagnosis. The large 96 -well throughput provided by MINI provided scalability to multi -building detection. The portability of the MINI device enabled decentralized on -site detection, significantly reducing the time to result. The overall findings support the use of RT-LAMP within the MINI configuration as an early detection system for COVID-19 infection using wastewater collected at the building scale.

关键词： COVID-19 pandemic   information literacy   rural labour employment  

摘要： In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, most work was done online, the role of information literacy in influencing rural labour employment is worth investigating. Using survey data from 3,225 rural labourers in China, this study builds Item Response Theory and Tobit models, and finds that the pandemic hinders rural labour employment; however, information literacy promotes it and can mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic. We provide evidence for the positive role of information literacy, and policymakers should consider improving the information literacy of the rural labourers.

关键词： Online prices   product availability   big data   dynamic panel model   Covid-19   exceptional shocks  

摘要： Using web-scraping, we have gathered daily data on prices and product availability for over 50,000 unique food items from 7 major retailers in Poland since January 2020. We find a 24% drop in product availability during the first COVID-19 wave in April 2020. Next, with two-step and iterative GMM applied to a variety of specifications, we show a modest price response to stockouts, as a 10% decline in food product availability leads to an immediate 0.5% rise in prices throughout the first COVID-19 wave. During the subsequent pandemic waves, this link disappears. We also detect only a 4% drop in product availability following the onset of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, thus we suspect that the recent price movements are linked primarily to cost and demand factors. Our evidence is indicative of retailers fearing consumer anger during unorthodox times.

关键词： COVID-19   Vaccine research   Topic modeling   Sentiment analysis   Classification  

摘要： COVID-19 vaccine research has played a vital role in successfully controlling the pandemic, and the research surrounding the coronavirus vaccine is ever-evolving and accruing. These enormous efforts in knowledge production necessitate a structured analysis as secondary research to extract useful insights. In this study, comprehensive analytics was performed to extract these insights, which has moved the boundaries of data analytics in secondary research in the vaccine field by utilizing topic modeling, sentiment analysis, and topic classification based on the abstracts of related publications indexed in Scopus and PubMed. By applying topic modeling to 4803 abstracts filtered by this study criterion, 8 research arenas were identified by merging related topics. The extracted research areas were entitled “Reporting,” “Acceptance,” “Reaction,” “Surveyed Opinions,” “Pregnancy,” “Titer of Variants,” “Categorized Surveys,” and “International Approaches.” Moreover, the investigation of topics sentiments variations over time led to identifying researchers' attitudes and focus in various years from 2020 to 2022. Finally, a CNN LSTM classification model was developed to predict the dominant topics and sentiments of new documents based on the 25 pre-determined topics with 75 % accuracy. The findings of this study can be utilized for future research design in this area by quickly grasping the structure of the current research on the COVID-19 vaccine. Through the findings of current research, a classification model was developed to classify the topic of a new article as one of the identified topics. Also, vaccine manufacturing firms will achieve a niche market by having a schema to invest in the gap of fields that have yet to be concentrated in extracted topics.

关键词： state regulations   political ecology   agrarian transformation   scaling-up agroecology   informality   institutionalisation   COVID-19   SUBSISTENCE   STATE  

摘要： In Spain, small-scale agroecological production has emerged in response to the current environmental and food crisis. However, the lack of a protective legal framework, multiple sanctions and the political inertia of economic growth are deeply constraining and altering the very essence of such initiatives. In particular, new regulations introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic have accelerated the formalisation and institutionalization of the agroecology sector. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in the region of Madrid, the article explores the logics and processes through which agroecological producers adjust (or not) to current regulative frames, and the implications of the decisions for their work.

关键词： home hospice   pandemic   COVID-19   leadership   qualitative  

摘要： Context The critical role of hospice and palliative care in response to the COVID-19 pandemic is well recognized, but there is limited evidence to guide healthcare leadership through future crises. Objectives Our goal was to support future organizational resilience by exploring hospice and palliative team members’ perspectives on crisis leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City (NYC). Methods This qualitative descriptive study used individual, semi-structured interviews of purposively sampled interdisciplinary team members. Enrollment sites were two large NYC metro hospice care organizations and one outpatient palliative care practice. We asked participants to complete a demographic form and a 45-60 minute interview. We used descriptive statistics and thematic analysis, respectively, for data analysis. We triangulated the data by presenting preliminary study findings to a group of clinicians (n=21) from one of the referring organizations. Results Participants (n=30) were professionally diverse (e.g., nurses, physicians, social workers, chaplains, administrators), experienced (mean=17 years; 10 years in hospice), and highly educated (83% ≥ master's degree). About half (n=15) self-identified as white, non-Hispanic, and nearly half (n=13) self-identified as being from a racial/ethnic minoritized group. Two (n=2) did not wish to self-identify. We identified four themes that reflected challenges and adaptive responses to providing care during a crisis: Stay Open and Stay Safe; Act Flexibly; Lead Adaptively; and Create a Culture of Solidarity. Conclusion While additional work is indicated, findings offer direction for a crisis management playbook to guide leadership in hospice, palliative care, and other healthcare settings in future crises.

关键词： J61   G15   F36   COVID 19 pandemic   Cryptocurrencies   Liquidity   Volatility   Time series  

摘要： This study examines the effect of the COVID-19 on the liquidity and volatility of nine major cryptocurrencies Trends in the Wake of the pandemic, including Cardano, BNB, Bitcoin, BUSD, Dogecoin, Ethereum, Coin, Tether, and XRP. Using daily data from January 22, 2020, to December 14, 2022, the research reveals a significant increase in overall cryptocurrency market volatility during the pandemic. Contrary to the initial vision of cryptocurrencies as efficient transaction mediums, the study suggests that heightened volatility challenges their suitability for rapid settlement. Additionally, the findings highlight cryptocurrencies’ speculative nature, lacking intrinsic ties to tangible assets and proving ineffective as secure havens or hedges against inflation. The dynamic and unpredictable nature of cryptocurrencies poses challenges to their envisioned roles in the financial landscape, prompting a reevaluation of their utility and stability amid global economic uncertainties.

关键词： Stroke   Post-COVID Conditions   Long COVID   Post-acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection   Myocardial infarction   Cancer  

摘要： BACKGROUND Persistent post-COVID conditions (PCCs) have become inevitable challenges for individuals who have survived COVID. The National Research Plan on Long COVID-19 underscores the priority of addressing post-COVID conditions (PCCs) within specific subgroups of the United States (US) population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with PCCs among stroke survivors in the US. METHOD In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we utilized the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2022 dataset. First, we identified respondents with a positive history of both COVID-19 and stroke. Subsequently, we categorized these respondents based on whether they experienced PCCs and conducted a comparative analysis of their characteristics. Additionally, our study included a comparison of our findings with those among individuals who have survived myocardial infarction (MI) and cancer. RESULTS A total of 3999 stroke, 5406 MI, and 10551 cancer survivors were included. The estimated prevalence of PCCs among stroke survivors was 30.6%, compared to 22.4%, 29.2%, and 24.6% among non-stroke (p<0.001), MI, and cancer survivors, respectively. Fatigue, dyspnea, and taste/smell loss were the most common primary symptoms. In multivariate regression analysis, female sex (adjusted odds ratio (aOR):1.62, 95%CI:[1.17-2.24]), stroke-belt residence (aOR:1.67, 95%CI: [1.13-2.46]), pulmonary disease (aOR:2.12, 95%CI:[1.53-2.92]), and depression (aOR:1.55, 95%CI: [1.1-2.2]) were independent factors associated with higher odds of PCCs among stroke survivors. Additionally, age above 64 years was associated with lower odds of PCCs (aOR:0.6, 95%CI: [0.41-0.86]). CONCLUSION Our study highlights a considerable prevalence of PCCs among stroke survivors, particularly among younger women and individuals with other chronic conditions.

关键词： Optimism   Pessimism   COVID-19   Loneliness   Resilience   Risky behaviors   HRS  

摘要： Using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study, we examined the association between optimism/pessimism before the pandemic and adaptation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, optimism was associated with behaviors that reduce COVID-19 transmission and higher psychological well-being (βs>|.196|) through changes in social contacts (indirect effect βs> |.004|) and/or increases in physical activity (βs=|.01|). Separating optimism and pessimism, we found that only pessimism was associated with behaviors that reduce risk, but both optimism and pessimism were associated with psychological well-being. By investigating them in the context of new public health challenges, we found that while the presence of optimism and absence of pessimism may both be resources for well-being, the absence of pessimism may be particularly important for health-relevant behaviors.