关键词： Psychological distress   Sociodemographic   Adults   COVID-19   Pandemic   Mental health  

摘要： Objective COVID-19 significantly contributed to an increase in psychological distress and may have disproportionally impacted certain sociodemographic groups. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological distress among Australian adults aged 18–64 years and identify sociodemographic factors associated with psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Secondary analyses were conducted using data from the National Health Survey 2020–21 to calculate weighted national estimates of the prevalence of psychological distress using the Kessler Psychological Distress scale (K10). The association between sociodemographic factors and psychological distress was analysed using multivariable logistic regression, with adjustments for complex survey design. Results The average of K10 score was 16.94, with a prevalence of combined high/very high distress reported at 21.13 % among Australian adults. Young women aged 18–25 reported the highest average scores ( M  = 20.44) across all sex and age groups. Risk factors associated with psychological distress included lower personal income, marital status (never married; widowed/divorced/separated) and being ‘born in Australia’. Protective factors included homeownership and having children in the household. Additionally, among women, being aged ≥56 was significantly associated with lower odds of psychological distress. Limitations Data collection relied on self-completed online form, and a cross-sectional design limits the inference of a causal relationship. Discussion During COVID-19 pandemic, lower personal income and being female have consistently been identified as risk factors for psychological distress. Targeted and tailored interventions based on age, sex and disadvantage are warranted, particularly focusing on younger women, to alleviate the adverse effect of the pandemic on the population's mental health.

摘要： Social support is important for human life and survival, especially during critical times. In recent times, especially during the pandemic, older adults across the globe have experienced a decline in social support, reducing their quality of life. This qualitative phenomenological study examined social support and familial relationships for the well-being of older adults. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 12 (twelve) adults aged 60 years or older. Findings from the study revealed that older adults who received emotional, physical, and financial support during the pandemic had greater well-being and appreciated life amidst the restrictions on activities. The study concludes that social support and strengthening social relationships with older people are imperative to bridge the gap between care and well-being among older people. The study recommends improved social relationships between family/friends and older people and the implementation of social policy and community support programs to cushion the effect of loneliness and depression caused by a result of lack of social support.

关键词： Pulmonary Embolism   COVID-19   Quality of Life   Respiratory Function Tests   CFQ   Cognitive Failure Questionnaire   COVID-19   Coronavirus Disease 2019   CTEPH   Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension   DLCO   Diffusing Capacity of the Lungs for Carbon monoxide   EQ-5D-5L   5-level EuroQol 5D questionnaire   FEV   1   Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s   FVC   Forced Vital Capacity   GAD-7   Generalized Anxiety Disorder   GGO   Ground-Glass Opacities   HADS   Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale   HRQoL   Health-Related Quality of Life   ICU   Intensive Care Unit   IES-R   Impact of Event Scale-Revised   IRQ   Interquartile range   LLN   Lower Limit of Normal   PE   Pulmonary Embolism   PHQ   Patient Health Questionnaire-9   PROMs   Patient Reported Outcome Measures   PTSD   Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder   SARS-COV-2   Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2   SD   Standard Deviation   UMC   University Medical Center   VAS   Visual Analogue Scale   VTE   Venous thromboembolism  

摘要： Background COVID-19 patients frequently experience pulmonary embolism (PE), but its long-term consequences remain uncertain. Research question What is the impact of PE in COVID-19 patients on health outcomes at 3 months post-hospitalization? Study design and methods In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we aggregated data from existing databases to evaluate the impact of PE on health outcomes at 3 months post-hospitalization. We assessed 1) questionnaires on health-related quality of life (HRQoL, EQ-5D-5L questionnaire), anxiety, depression, cognitive failure, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 2) pulmonary function tests (diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and spirometry), and 3) radiological abnormalities. We developed three models to assess the association between PE and the EQ-5D-5L index and the percentage of predicted DLCO (DLCO%): a crude model (model 1), adjusted for age, sex, and presence of comorbidities (model 2), and model 2 additionally adjusted for intensive care unit (ICU) admission (model 3). Results We included 465 patients that had been hospitalized for COVID-19, of whom 102 (21.9%) had developed a PE during admission. Patients with PE had poorer EQ-5D-5L index values, more impairment in pulmonary functions, and more frequently radiological abnormalities than patients without PE. Symptoms of anxiety, depression, cognitive failure, and PTSD did not differ between the two groups. In model 2, PE was associated with lower EQ-5D-5L index and lower DLCO%. After additionally adjusting for ICU admission, the association between PE and lower EQ-5D-5L index (mean difference (MD) =-0.069, (95%CI -0.12 to -0.017) remained, but not between PE and DLCO%. Interpretation Our findings suggest that PE in COVID-19 patients is associated with reduced HRQoL at 3 months post-hospitalization. While PE may be a marker of COVID-19 severity, its presence during hospitalization could indicate potential long-term health issues, which may b

摘要： This study employs a mathematical model to analyze and forecast the severe outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), focusing on the socio-economic ramifications within the Thai population and among foreign tourists. Specifically, the model examines the impact of the disease on various population groups, including susceptible (S), exposed (E), infected (I), quarantined (Q), and recovered (R) individuals among tourists visiting the country. The stability theory of differential equations is utilized to validate the mathematical model. This involves assessing the stability of both the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium using the basic reproduction number. Emphasis is placed on local stability, the positivity of solutions, and the invariant regions of solutions. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis of the model is conducted. The computation of the basic reproduction number (R0) reveals that the disease-free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable when R0 is less than 1, whereas the endemic equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable when R0 exceeds 1. Notably, both equilibriums are globally asymptotically stable under the same conditions. Through numerical simulations, the study concludes that the outcome of COVID-19 is most sensitive to reductions in transmission rates. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the model to all parameters is thoroughly considered, informing strategies for disease control through various intervention measures.

摘要： New-onset psychiatric disorders are frequent after COVID-19. We aim to determine whether acute COVID-19 severity markers can predict post-COVID new-onset psychiatric disorders. We conducted an electronic health records (EHR) cohort study of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and without any known history of psychiatric disorders. Patients were included between January 2020 and September 2022 in one of the 36 university hospitals of the Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris. Acute COVID-19 clinical and biological severity markers were recorded during hospitalization for COVID-19. Psychiatric ICD-10 diagnoses were recorded up to 2 years and 9 months after hospitalization for COVID-19. Predictors of post-COVID new-onset psychiatric disorders were identified based on Cox regression models and sensitivity analyses. Predictive scores were built and tested in age- and sex-stratified populations. A total 34,489 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 were included; 3717 patients (10.8%) had at least one post-COVID new-onset psychiatric disorder. Hospital stay >7 days (HR = 1.72, 95%CI [1.59–1.86],p< 0.001), acute delirium (HR = 1.49, 95%CI [1.28–1.74],p< 0.001), elevated monocyte count (HR = 1.14, 95%CI [1.06–1.23],p< 0.001) and elevated plasma CRP (HR = 0.92, 95%CI [0.86–0.99],p= 0.04) independently predicted post-COVID new-onset psychiatric disorders. Sensitivity analyses confirmed hospital stay >7 days, acute delirium, and elevated monocyte count as predictors. Predictive scores based on these variables had good 12-month positive predictive values, up to 7.5 times more accurate than random in women < 65 years. In conclusion, hospital stay >7 days, acute delirium, and elevated monocyte count during acute COVID-19 predict post-COVID new-onset psychiatric disorders.

摘要： Reports on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in neonates are limited, especially in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) Omicron variant. This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics and identify risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 in neonates infected with Omicron variant. The study population was represented by neonates with COVID-19, who were admitted to The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University in northwest China, from December 10, 2022 to January 20, 2023. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced that all local COVID-19 cases were infected with Omicron variant during the study period. Clinical and laboratory data were collected retrospectively. We used logistic regression analysis to investigate the risk factors for severe COVID-19, and derived odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 108 neonates, with median age of 18.1 days (interquartile range 9.4–23.0), were affected by COVID-19, of whom 84 had a mild disease, while 24 a severe one (22.2%). Of them, 6.5% were premature. No deaths were observed in the study population. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (88.9%) and cough (55.6%), with 5 cases (4.6%) complicated by pneumonia. 4 cases (3.7%) received respiratory support, including 2 cases of high-flow oxygen and 2 cases of continuous positive airway pressure. Gestational age at birth (OR: 0.615; 95% CI: 0.393–0.961), neutrophil count (NEU) (OR:0.576; 95% CI : 0.344–0.962) and lymphocyte count (LYM) (OR: 0.159; 95% CI: 0.063–0.401) were independent risk factors for severe COVID-19. The combination of NEU and LYM had the largest receiver operating characteristic area under the curve [0.912 (95% CI:0.830–0.993)] for identifying severe COVID-19, with a sensitivity of 0.833 and a specificity of 0.917. The general presentations and outcomes of neonatal COVID-19 caused by Omicron variant were no

关键词： Spontaneous esophageal rupture   Epigastric pain   COVID-19 infection  

摘要： With the global introduction and widespread administration of COVID-19 vaccines, there have been emerging reports of associated vasculitis, including leukocytoclastic cutaneous vasculitis (LCV). In this paper, we present a case of a 68-year-old female patient who developed painful purpuric skin lesions on her feet 12 days after administration of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine BBIBP Cor-V with histopathological confirmation of LCV and no signs of systemic involvement. The case is followed by a comprehensive literature review of documented LCV cases associated with COVID-19 vaccination with overall 39 articles and 48 cases of LCV found in total. In the majority of cases (56.3%) the first symptom occurred after the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, with symptoms manifesting within an average of seven days (6.8 ± 4.8) post-vaccination. The adenoviral vaccine Oxford-AstraZeneca (41.7%) and the mRNA vaccine Pfizer-BioNTech (27.1%) were most frequently associated with LCV occurrences. On average, LCV resolved within 2.5 (± 1.5) weeks. The preferred treatment modality were glucocorticoids, used in 70.8% of cases, resulting in a positive outcome in most cases, including our patient. While the safety of a subsequent dose appears favorable based on our review, individual risk–benefit assessment is crucial. This review emphasis the importance of considering COVID-19 vaccination as a potential trigger for the development of cutaneous vasculitis. Despite rare adverse events, the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccination outweigh the risks, highlighting the importance of immunization programs.

摘要： In Cameroon, the COVID-19 disease has demonstrated shortcomings in preventing nosocomial infections at both collective and individual levels. This study aimed to identify practice changes in ENT outpatient consultations in Cameroon inducted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that took place in March 2024. A Google Form was submitted to ENT practitioners online across Cameroon. It consisted of 20 questions grouped into socio-professional and clinical data. Sixty-four practitioners responded to the questionnaire. The average age of respondents was 36, with extremes of 31 and 70. The sex ratio was 0.35 in favor of women. In terms of experience, 47.7% had been practicing for less than 10 years. A total of 91.3% practiced in public health facilities. Before the COVID-19 outbreak, attitudes towards respiratory diseases were as follows: wearing of masks by suspected patients (4.3%), information posters in waiting rooms (13%), constant use of disinfectant gel (26.1%), wearing of masks by practitioners (0%), wearing of gloves (54.5%), wearing of gowns (87%), constant hand hygiene after each consultation (26.1%), and regular surface hygiene (30.4%). All precautions were improved after 4 years of the pandemic except wearing eye protection. ENT practice has been strongly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and many measures still need to be taken to improve infection control in hospitals in Cameroon.