关键词： CPET   COVID-19   Acute coronary syndrome   PULMONARY-FUNCTION   CAPACITY  

摘要： Aims: Many studies evaluated the functional response in post-Covid-19 patients; however, they systematically excluded patients with concomitant acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We evaluated the long-term functional capacity assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in patients hospitalized for ACS and concomitant SARS-CoV2 infection. The secondary aim was to investigate the functional response in patients with symptoms related to "long COVID-19 syndrome " (LCS). Methods: This cross-sectional case -control study compared 20 patients with ACS and concomitant SARS-COV2 infection with 20 patients without COVID-19. At the follow-up visit (between 6 and 12 months after revascularization procedure) all patients underwent a CPET. Results: Patients with previous ACS and concomitant COVID-19 showed a reduced O2 consumption than controls (predicted peak V (center dot)O2 74.00% vs 86.70%; p = 0.01) with a high degree of ventilatory inefficiency (VE/ V (center dot)CO2 slope 38.04 vs 30.31; p = 0.002). 50% of subjects with previous COVID-19 disease showed symptoms related to "LCS "; this subgroup demarcates the characteristic reduced exercise capacity found in the entire COVID + group. Conclusions: This study is the first in literature having analyzed the long-term functional capacity phenotype in a population of ACS patients and concomitant SARS-CoV2 infection. Severe ventilatory inefficiency emerged as the functional signature of these patients. Moreover, the subset of patients with symptoms related to LCS has the most compromised long term reduced exercise capacity and an altered ventilation control.

关键词： Long COVID   COVID-19   SARS-CoV-2   Coronavirus   Therapies   ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME   QUALITY-OF-LIFE   PULMONARY-FUNCTION   EXERCISE CAPACITY   GUT MICROBIOTA   IMPACT   INFECTION   COHORT   COMPLICATIONS   CONSEQUENCES  

摘要： The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has seen numerous individuals undergo and recover from it, drawing extensive attention to their health conditions. Extensive studies indicate that even after surpassing the acute phase of infection, patients continue to experience persistent symptoms such as fatigue, pain, depression, weakening, and anosmia. COVID19 appears not to have concluded but rather to persist long-term in certain individuals, termed as "long COVID." This represents a heterogeneous ailment involving multiple organ systems, with a perceived complex and still elusive pathogenesis. Among patients with long COVID, observations reveal immune dysregulation, coagulation impairments, and microbial dysbiosis, considered potential mechanisms explaining sustained adverse outcomes post COVID-19. Based on the multifactorial nature, varied symptoms, and heterogeneity of long COVID, we have summarized several categories of current therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, the symptoms of long COVID resemble those of other viral illnesses, suggesting that existing knowledge may offer novel insights into long-term COVID implications. Here, we provide an overview of existing literature associated with long COVID and summarize potential mechanisms, treatment modalities, and other analogous conditions. Lastly, we underscore the inadequacies in long COVID treatment approaches and emphasize the significance of conducting further research and clinical trials.

关键词： Ferroptosis   Citespace   Bibliometric   Visual atlas   COVID-19  

摘要： Background Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death. Although ferroptosis has been studied in various aspects, there has been no visual analysis of ferroptosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to date. It is still a global health concern of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide, three years after its outbreak. Yet the emergence of the mutant strain Omicron has caused a fourth wave of infections in many countries. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is still undergoing extensive exploration, which holds paramount importance in mitigating future epidemics. Methods For this study, CiteSpace 6.2 R4 software was used for bibliometric and visual atlas analysis of ferroptosis-related research, and the Genecards database was used to mine ferroptosis and COVID-19-related genes. Results We found increasing studies about ferroptosis. China and the United States have demonstrated robust scientific innovation over recent years, with extensive collaboration between their institutions and authors. Ferroptosis and COVID-19 were seen to have 13 shared genes, which may be new targets for the treatment of COVID-19 in the future. Most of the shared genes are enriched in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathways. The majority of those genes are up-regulated under the cellular response to oxidative stress. Genes including Tumour necrosis factor (TNF), RELA proto-oncogene (RELA), Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), Cytochrome b -245 beta chain (CYBB), Jun proto-oncogene (JUN), Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) and Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), maybe a breakthrough for ferroptosis and COVID‐19. Whilst previous research has shown there to be a relationship between ferroptosis and COVID‐19, the specific role of ferroptosis remained unclear. Our study aimed to analyze the research status of ferroptosis and its relationship with COVID-19, to provide a useful reference for further prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Overall, uncovering the role of ferroptosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection

关键词： COVID-19   Emergency department   Improved outcomes   Airway management  

摘要： Background The COVID-19 pandemic was managed in part by the rapid development of vaccines, diagnostics, and therapeutics including antiviral agents and advances in emergency airway and ventilatory management. The impact of these therapeutic advances on clinically pertinent metrics of emergency care have not been well-studied. Methods We abstracted data from emergency department (ED) visits made to 21 US health systems during the first two years of the pandemic, from February 1, 2020 to January 31, 2022. These health systems were participants in the NIH-supported COVID EHR Cohort, in which the University of Wisconsin served as the coordinating site. Limited patient-level data files were submitted monthly. Data elements included demographic and clinical variables, as well as standard measures of ED outcomes including 72-h returns, 72-h returns leading to readmission, and in-hospital mortality. Multivariable models were fitted to identify correlates of each of the dependent variables. A test for trend was used to detect changes in outcomes over time. Results During the two-year period, 150,357 individuals aged 18 years or older visited the ED. The median age was 45.4 years (IQR 27), 58.1 % were female, 49 % were White, 18.3 % Hispanic/Latino, and 45 % were publicly insured or uninsured. The prevalence of 72-h ED returns, readmissions, and in-hospital mortality significantly declined across the two-year period. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was associated with reduced ED returns and mortality. Therapeutic agents were associated with increased mortality risk but were likely confounded by unmeasured covariates. Conclusions Operational and clinical outcomes of ED-based treatment of individuals with COVID-19 improved in the first two years of the pandemic. This improvement is likely multifactorial and includes the development and deployment of SARS-CoV-2-specific vaccines, therapeutic agents, and improved healthcare delivery in the ED and elsewhere addressing management of airway

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 infection   COVID-19   Intensive care unit   Gait disturbance   Central and peripheral nervous system  

摘要： “Brain fog,” a persistent cognitive impairment syndrome, stands out as a significant neurological aftermath of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Yet, the underlying mechanisms by which COVID-19 induces cognitive deficits remain elusive. In our study, we observed an upregulation in the expression of genes linked to the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, whereas genes associated with cognitive function were downregulated in the brains of patients infected with COVID-19. Through single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) analysis, we found that COVID-19 infection triggers the immune responses in microglia and astrocytes and exacerbates oxidative stress in oligodendrocytes, oligodendrocyte progenitors (OPCs), and neurons. Further investigations revealed that COVID-19 infection elevates LUC7L2 expression, which inhibits mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and suppresses the expression of mitochondrial complex genes such as MT-ND1, MT-ND2, MT-ND3, MT-ND4L, MT-CYB, MT-CO3, and MT-ATP6. A holistic approach to protect mitochondrial complex function, rather than targeting a single molecular, should be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent and treat the long-term consequences of “long COVID.”

摘要： Anti-vaccine sentiment during the COVID-19 pandemic grew at an alarming rate, leaving much to understand about the relationship between people’s vaccination status and the information they were exposed to. This study investigated the relationship between vaccine behavior, decision rationales, and information exposure on social media over time. Using a cohort study that consisted of a nationally representative survey of American adults, three subpopulations (early adopters, late adopters, and nonadopters) were analyzed through a combination of statistical analysis, network analysis, and semi-supervised topic modeling. The main reasons Americans reported choosing to get vaccinated were safety and health. However, work requirements and travel were more important for late adopters than early adopters (95% CI on OR of [0.121, 0.453]). While late adopters’ and nonadopters’ primary reason for not getting vaccinated was it being too early, late adopters also mentioned safety issues more often and nonadopters mentioned government distrust (95% CI on OR of [0.125, 0.763]). Among those who shared Twitter/X accounts, early adopters and nonadopters followed a larger fraction of highly partisan political accounts compared to late adopters, and late adopters were exposed to more neutral and pro-vaccine messaging than nonadopters. Together, these findings suggest that the decision-making process and the information environments of these subpopulations have notable differences, and any online vaccination campaigns need to consider these differences when attempting to provide accurate vaccine information to all three subpopulations.

关键词： G14   G24   M19   analyst coverage   stock price resilience   corporate resilience   investor attention   corporate governance   financial constraints  

摘要： Understanding a firm's stock price resilience is crucial in an increasingly uncertain environment. We investigate the impact of financial analysts on a firm's stock price resilience. We find that firms in the Chinese stock market with higher analyst coverage were more resilient during the COVID-19 crisis and had lower pandemic-induced stock price declines, shorter decline and recovery periods, and higher recovery probability. This positive relationship is more prominent for firms with strong star analyst coverage and does not depend on ownership type or firm size. Moreover, analysts help firms attract attention from media and institutional investors, improve corporate governance by improving information disclosure quality (especially for private information), and reduce financial constraints, in turn, firms’ ability to absorb pandemic shocks improves. Overall, we demonstrate that financial analysts play a crucial role in shaping a firm's stock price resilience during crises, particularly for firms with strong star analyst coverage.

摘要： The impact of the COVID pandemic on the 2020 election outcome is analyzed using Iowa Electronic Market data, measures of socially and economically driven market volatility, a measure of COVID severity, and selected election-related events. Building on research regarding two previous U.S. presidential elections, we find that the pandemic helped the incumbent in two ways. The largest impact supporting the incumbent came from the apparent medical severity. A secondary impact came from social and economic volatility with the surprising finding that both risks helped the incumbent relative to the challenger. However, these impacts were not adequate to overcome the relatively large advantage of the challenger.