关键词： Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)   Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)   Awake prone position   Duration   Dose–response  

摘要： Background Patients not mechanically ventilated often fail to achieve the recommended duration of awake prone positioning due to treatment interruption and discomfort. Few studies have investigated the link between treatment outcome and prone-positioning duration, the inability to accurately guide patients to perform awake prone positioning. Objectives The aim of this study was to characterise and explore the relationship between awake prone-positioning duration with the ratio of the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO 2 /FiO 2 [P/F]) changes and the risk of disease aggravation. Methods A prospective cohort study; dose–response relationship was used. Awake prone positioning was performed on patients with severe Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) for 5 consecutive days from 1 February to 21 March 2023. Linear and logistic regression models were utilised to assess the association between prone-positioning duration with P/F changes and risk of disease aggravation, respectively. Meanwhile, the restricted cubic spline was used to evaluate the dose–response relationships. Results A total of 408 patients with severe COVID-19 were analysed. The daily prone positioning duration was 4.57 ± 2.74 h/d, and the changes in P/F were 67.63 ± 69.17 mmHg. On the sixth day of hospitalisation, the condition of 52 (12.8%) patients deteriorated. There was a positive, nonlinear dose–response relationship ( P overall  < 0.001, P nonlinearity  = 0.041) and a strong, significant positive correlation ( β  = 29.286, t  = 4.302, P  < 0.001) between the prone-positioning duration and P/F changes. The risk of disease aggravation gradually decreases with the increase of prone-positioning duration. Nonetheless, the prone-positioning duration was not statistically associated with disease aggravation (odds ratio = 0.986, 95% confidence interval: 0.514–1.895). Conclusions Awake prone positioning for ≥4 h/d is effective on oxygenation (not mortality/intubation)

摘要： At present, there is no culturally appropriate scale designed to measure Chinese people’s attitudes and beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines. Understanding people’s attitudes and beliefs about vaccines can help policy makers and health care professionals better evaluate local beliefs to increase vaccine coverage and minimize COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. We developed a COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and beliefs scale comprising items based on qualitative research data. We then conducted an explorative and confirmatory factor analysis using data from two online sources. The 26-item vaccine belief scale includes a five-factor model: vaccine benefit (VB), vaccine concern (VC), observing others’ reactions to vaccination (VR), the influence of authority and others toward vaccination (VI), and common sense about vaccination (VS). The multivariate analysis results showed that VB (OR = 1.065, 95% CI 1.035–1.097), VR (OR = 0.878, 95% CI 0.832–0.927), and VS (OR = 1.076, 95% CI 1.032–1.122) were associated with the intention to receive the vaccine. These results implied that VC (OR = 0.957, 95% CI 0.928–0.987) could predict the choice not to be vaccinated. A correlation between beliefs about vaccines and conspiracy theories and fear of COVID-19 was also found and discussed. These findings suggest that the locally designed and culturally sensitive scale has good reliability and validity. The questionnaire provides researchers with a standardized assessment tool to measure Chinese people’s beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccine.

关键词： COVID-19   well-being   physical health   mental health   aging   mixed methods  

摘要： The objective of this study was to identify shifts in older adults’ well-being over the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Between March 2020 and April 2022, 76 adults aged 65+ from the upper Midwest participated in telephone interviews across five timepoints. Quantitative and qualitative questions focused on perceptions of QOL, physical health and mental health, as well as changes over the two years of interviews. Repeated measures ANOVAs indicated significant changes in self-reported QOL over time, but no significant changes to self-reported physical or mental health. Thematic content analysis revealed relevant themes for each content area. Findings provided a longitudinal view of changes in perceived QOL and health among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite quantitative improvements in QOL and stability in health, qualitative themes indicated nuances impacts including challenges to physical activity and fluctuations in mental health and QOL.

摘要： Nurses, as the main healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, were at high risk of contracting the disease. Family caregivers played a vital role in the support and recovery of patients with COVID-19. The experiences of family caregivers of nurses are very important due to the nature of their job. However, little information is available in this field. To this end, the present study aimed to explore the experiences of family caregivers of nurses who recovered from COVID-19. This descriptive qualitative study was conducted in one of the hospitals in southeastern Iran in 2022. The participants were 12 family caregivers of nurses who recovered from COVID-19 and were selected through purposive sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative research checklist was used to report the findings. The analysis of the data revealed psychosocial consequences as main theme, three categories and nine subcategories including negative emotions and attitudes (fear of deterioration/death, fear of frequent infection, fear of transmitting infection to others, despair of recovery, Changing attitudes toward the nursing profession), caregiver burden (role conflict, economic pressure) and lack of support, ineffective interactions and isolation (Lack of support from nursing managers and colleagues, ineffective interactions and isolation). Like other caregivers, family caregivers of nurses recovered from COVID-19 experienced psychosocial consequences and a heavy burden of responsibility. However, what differentiates our findings from the results reported in previous studies is the change in caregivers’ attitudes toward nursing and regret for their family members being nurses. The lack of support from medical staff and managers for nurses, the condition of nurses frequently contracting COVID-19 due to the nature of their profession, and the fear of transmitting the

摘要： Pregnant patients were a significant population to consider during the pandemic, given the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on obstetric outcomes. While COVID testing was a central pillar of infection control, it became apparent that a subset of the population declined to test. At the same time, data emerged about pregnant persons also declining testing. Yet, it was unknown why pregnant patients declined tests and if those reasons were similar or different from those of the general population. We conducted this study to explore pregnant patients’ attitudes, access, and utilization of COVID-19 testing to support healthcare for infection prevention management for this unique and medically complex population. We conducted a qualitative study of patients who were currently or recently pregnant during the early stages of the pandemic and received outpatient prenatal care at one of the participating study sites. An interview guide was used to conduct in-depth telephone interviews. Coding was performed using NVivo, and analysis was conducted using Grounded Theory. The average age of the participants (N = 37) was 32 (SD 4.21) years. Most were < 35 years of age (57%) and self-described as White (68%). Qualitative analysis identified themes related to barriers to COVID-19 testing access and use during pregnancy, including concerns about test accuracy, exposure to COVID-19 in testing facilities, isolation and separation during labor and delivery, and diminished healthcare quality and patient experience. The implementation of widespread and universal COVID testing policies did not address the unique needs and challenges of pregnant patients as a medically complex population. It is important to understand the reasons and implications for pregnant patients who declined COVID testing during the current pandemic to inform strategies to prevent infection spread in future public health emergencies.

关键词： Sustainable business performance   Green innovation   COVID-19 pandemic   Malaysia   Resource-based view   Economic growth   ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION   ECO-INNOVATION   TECHNOLOGY   FIRMS  

摘要： This study explores how green innovations in organization, process, and marketing have impacted the environmental, social, and financial performance of major Malaysian industries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the resource-based view, the research delves into how these green innovations help companies gain a competitive edge and achieve success. By examining data from 93 companies, the study finds that green organizational innovations significantly boost both environmental and social performance, while green process innovations mainly enhance social performance. Green marketing innovations indirectly improve environmental and social performance by positively influencing organizational and process innovations. Importantly, the study uncovers a strong positive link between environmental and financial performance, indicating that being environmentally responsible can also be financially rewarding. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and business leaders, underscoring the importance of promoting green innovation to achieve sustainable business practices and protect the environment, especially during times of global disruption.

摘要： The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic had a profound impact on global mental health. The resulting burden on mental health professionals (MHPs) was complex. Besides managing personal concerns that overlapped with those of their clients, MHPs had to adapt to a rapidly changing work environment. The present systematic narrative hybrid review explores the experiences of MHPs in navigating the COVID-19 pandemic. Peer-reviewed articles (N = 61) published from 1 December 2019 to 20 July 2022 were selected from databases including DOAJ, SCOPUS, PubMed, and PsycArticles. The risk of bias was assessed using relevant checklists, and the findings were synthesized using narrative analysis. The results indicate that the pandemic affected MHPs at systemic, organizational, and individual levels. However, efforts to adapt were largely individual. The studies identified risk and protective factors and discussed several adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies MHPs use. Despite systemic and individual efforts to improve mental healthcare, this field remains challenging for many MHPs. Therefore, multilevel reformations to improve mental health care and protect MHPs are recommended.

摘要： There is a growing body of evidence for the interrelation between health status and religious beliefs. Our aim was to evaluate the level of religiosity in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and to assess the link between religiosity and measurable health outcomes. This was an observational, single-center study which included patients with moderate-to-severe forms of COVID-19. A total of 112 patients were enrolled in the study, of whom 77 were highly religious (CRS-15 score ≥ 4) and 35 non-highly religious (CRS-15 score < 4). There was no difference in demographics or prevalence of comorbidities between the two groups. Furthermore, we found no difference between groups in radiological extension of lung lesions, length of hospital stays, or ICU need; however, in-hospital mortality rate was significantly lower in highly religious group (1% vs. 14%, p = 0.005). Serum ferritin level at admission was significantly lower (p = 0.03) and prevalence of post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae significantly higher in highly religious group (p = 0.02).

关键词： MT: Delivery Strategies   COVID-19   aptamers   nanocarrier   viral infection   ACE2  

摘要： Viral infections are one of the leading causes of death in the world. One main challenge in fighting against these diseases is the unavailability of effective eradicating drugs and specific treatments. Nanocarriers and aptamer-decorated nanocarriers are designed to attach to many targets, including viral particles. By lowering the viral infectivity and attachment capability, they add therapeutic values even without containing antiviral drugs. Nevertheless, the nanoparticles (NPs) with encapsulated antiviral drugs can display extra therapeutic effects. Furthermore, it has been shown that aptamers can bind to viral particles and nanocarriers, presenting promising approaches for the identification of viruses and treatment of viral infections. Although there is no satisfying literature revealing the strong therapeutic potential of nanotechnology against COVID-19, the following information can provide new perspectives for upcoming investigations pertaining to developing effective aptamer-nanocarrier agents against COVID-19.

关键词： SNIIRAM  

摘要： Background and Objectives
People with multiple sclerosis (MS) have an increased risk of severe coronavirus infection due to their level of motor disability or exposure to certain immunosuppressive treatments. Thus, patients with MS have had priority access to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, relapses after vaccination have been reported, leading some patients to not seek the recommended booster doses. The main objective was to estimate the risk of severe relapse after 1, 2, and 3 (booster) doses of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with MS. The secondary objectives were to assess the risk of relapse in clinically meaningful subgroups according to the type of vaccine, the characteristics of the patients, and the use of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs). Methods
We conducted a nationwide study using data from the French National Health Data System. Patients with MS were identified according to ICD codes, specific treatments, and reimbursement data up to March 31, 2022. Relapses requiring treatment with high-dose corticosteroids were identified. A self-controlled case series method was used to evaluate the risk of relapse associated with COVID-19 vaccines in the 45 days after vaccination. The associated risk was evaluated after 1, 2, or 3 (booster) doses and is expressed as overall incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and in subgroups of interest. Results
Overall, 124,545 patients with MS were identified on January 1, 2021, and 82% received at least 1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine (n = 102,524) until December 31, 2021, for a total of 259,880 doses. The combined IRR for MS relapse was 0.97 (0.91-1.03, p = 0.30). The same absence of risk was confirmed in various subgroups (age younger than 50 years, duration of MS < 10 years, use of DMT). A small increase in the relapse risk cannot be excluded after a booster dose (IRR 1.39 [1.08-1.80]) for patients with high MS activity, especially when not treated. Discussion
There is no increased