关键词： Depression   fatigue   menstrual symptoms   omicron variant   post-COVID-19 condition   ANGIOTENSIN-(1-7)   VACCINATION   INFECTION   RECEPTOR   SYSTEM   MAS  

摘要： PurposeTo elucidate the impact of long COVID on menstruation and mental health, medical records of patients with long COVID were *** of long COVID, QOL, mental health, and related endocrine data were compared between two groups with and without menstrual *** 349 female patients who visited our clinic between February 2021 and March 2023, 223 patients with long COVID (aged 18-50 years) were included. Forty-four (19.7%) of the patients had menstrual symptoms associated with long COVID. The patients with menstrual symptoms were older than those without menstrual symptoms (42.5 vs. 38 years). The percentage of patients with menstrual symptoms was higher during the Omicron phase (24%) than during the Preceding (13%) and Delta (12%) phases. Cycle irregularity was the most frequent (in 63.6% of the patients), followed by severe pain (25%), heavy bleeding (20.5%), perimenopausal symptoms (18.2%), and premenstrual syndrome (15.9%). Fatigue and depression were the most frequent complications. Scores for fatigue and for QOL were significantly worse in long COVID patients with menstrual symptoms. Results of endocrine examinations showed significantly increased cortisol levels in patients with menstrual *** COVID has an impact on menstrual conditions and on QOL related to menstrual conditions.

关键词： Family resilience   elderly   tourism village   COVID-19 pandemic   Yogyakarta   Pier Luigi Sacco, Humanities, IULM University, Milano, Italy   Asian Studies   Rural Development   Economics and Development   Population & Development   Tourism Development/Impacts  

摘要： The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting family members of all age groups in tourism villages in the Yogyakarta Special Region (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta - DI Yogyakarta), Indonesia, due to the interruption of tourism activities. This study used a qualitative approach to adapt the theoretical framework of the Family Resilience Model (FRM) by exploring and comprehending the mechanisms through which families with elderly members, navigated the challenges. The result showed that the elderly provided some services to tourists and donated assets during the pandemic to support the family economy. The socio-cultural values of society and respect for the role of the elderly also contributed to the survival of the families. Moreover, the study contributed to understanding the maintenance of family resilience during the pandemic. This could be a lesson to develop assistance programs for the community and the elderly in using their potential. IMPACT STATEMENT Tourism village is a form of small tourism enterprise in rural areas that operates under Community Based Tourism (CBT) management providing opportunities for families and their members, including the elderly to participate. The study aims to examine how the family with elderly in tourism village in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia maintain their resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The elderly are generally seen as a family burden, however, many of them still have the potential to contribute to the family economy through participation in paid and unpaid productive activities. In tourism villages, the elderly contributed to the tourism business in some forms, utilizing their skills, abilities and accumulated assets they owned to support family economic difficulties arising from external stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This is indicating the importance of utilizing the elderly potential contribution to maintain family economic resilience.

关键词： COVID-19   SARS-CoV-2   response   contact tracing   vaccine  

摘要： BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic devastated many countries worldwide by causing large numbers of fatalities. In our research, we wanted to answer the question: Why was there such a large difference in the mortality rate between South Korea and the United States? This is because many East Asian countries, such as Korea, had a lower mortality rate than many countries, including developed ones, across the world - the mortality rate of South Korea was about five times lower than the United *** study comprehensively compares strategies used to address the COVID-19 pandemic in two different countries: South Korea and the United States. The various aspects of these two countries' responses are examined, including initial response, information dissemination and public compliance, mitigation strategies, and vaccine rollout and their *** and widespread testing, rigorous contact tracing, the clear release of government information, and an organized vaccine rollout powered a proactive approach in South Korea. The United States had a contrasting response consisting of delayed and more decentralized measures, where testing lagged due to varying policies and the political controversies facing vaccine *** signify the gravity of rapid response and testing, clear communication, and efficient vaccine distribution, as we believe this could correlate with a lower mortality rate. In addition, we discuss future directions, including the need for a specific health infrastructure and protocol against highly infectious outbreaks. Main findings: The study suggests strategies that may be effective ways to reduce fatalities during a pandemic through a comparative analysis of COVID-19 responses in South Korea and the United *** knowledge: This review further consolidates the importance of an effective defense strategy involving testing, contact tracing, information dissemination, and vaccine *** health impact for policy a

关键词： COVID-19   teleworking   working from home   gender   Switzerland   labour force survey  

摘要： The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about a significant impact on people's lives, both in terms of health and socioeconomic aspects. The pandemic has led to a shift in the work environment, with a massive increase in the number of people working from home due to movement restrictions. In this study, we analyse data from two waves (2019 and 2020) of the Swiss Labour Force Survey to investigate the prevalence of working from home in Switzerland before and during the pandemic. The study has two aims: to identify the characteristics of Swiss teleworkers during the pandemic and to determine if there is a gender gap in working from home. The findings reveal that highly educated workers with children in high-level occupations are more likely to telework. However, there is a gender gap in teleworking in some sectors, since part-time workers, who are mostly women (74 percent), are less likely to work from home than full-time workers.

关键词： COVID-19   government   social intervention   water   electricity   ordered probit   Goodness Aye, University of Agriculture, Makurdi Benue State, Nigeria   Psychological science   social psychology   economic psychology  

摘要： In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries resorted to various levels of lockdown as a panacea for the rampant spread of the virus. However, the imposed lockdown was not without economic challenges, particularly for the poor in developing countries. In response, the government of Ghana unveiled several free social support packages such as free water and electricity services. This study models the behaviour for or against free utility services and further investigates the drivers that explain an individual's behaviour. Using a survey method and an ordered probit econometric technique, we find evidence that about 71 percent of respondents support free utility services, 14 percent are indifferent, and 15 percent also indicate their disapproval. Furthermore, an ordered probit regression analysis is used to show evidence that educated respondents with higher incomes are less likely to appreciate government-sponsored freebies. Other drivers of such behavioural differences for aggregated and disaggregated free social intervention utility services were further examined. This study examined the reception of free water and a 50 percent electricity discount provided by the Ghanaian government during the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilising survey data and employing an ordered probit method, the research aimed to understand the factors influencing support or opposition towards free utility services. The findings reveal that approximately 71 percent of respondents preferred free utilities, while around 29 percent did not support the Ghana Residential Utility Stimulus implemented by the government. Among those opposed to the residential utility stimulus, a significant proportion were found to be educated individuals with higher incomes, as indicated by the ordered probit regression results. It is suggested that during emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic, social assistance should be directed towards the impoverished and vulnerable segments of society.

关键词： COVID-19   COVID-19 InfoVaccines   educational tool   Europe   misinformation   World Health Organization   vaccine   vaccine hesitancy  

摘要： COVID-19 vaccine uptake varied across countries, in part due to vaccine hesitancy fueled by a lack of trustworthy information. To help health workers provide evidence-based answers to common questions about COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination, and thereby, assist individuals decisions on vaccine acceptance, COVID-19 InfoVaccines, a joint WHO-EU project, was launched in February 2021 to support COVID-19 vaccine rollout in 6 Eastern European countries. COVID-19 InfoVaccines was made available in seven languages and shared on social media networks. A total of 262,592 users accessed COVID-19 *** between February 11, 2021, and January 31(st), 2023. The users were most interested in: general questions; vaccine efficacy and duration of protection; vaccine safety; vaccine co-administration, and dose-interval and interchangeability; though the interest in a specific theme varied in function of the epidemiological situation. A total of 118,510 (45.1%) and 46,644 (17.7%) users scrolled up to 35% and 75% of the COVID-19 InfoVaccines webpage, respectively. The average engagement rate was 71.61%. The users accessed COVID-19 InfoVaccines from 231 countries and territories, but the majority were in Ukraine (N = 38,404; 14.6%), Spain (N = 23,327; 8.9%), and Argentina (N = 21,167; 8.1%). Older Facebook users were more interested in COVID-19 information than younger individuals (X-2 p-value < .0001). Two hundred twenty-eight videos were shared on YouTube. The average Click-Through-Rate on Facebook was 7.82%, and that on YouTube was 4.4%, with 60 videos having a Click-Through-Rate >5%, falling in the range of average YouTube video Click-Through-Rate (2% - 10%). As misinformation about vaccines and vaccination spreads easily and can negatively impact health-related decisions, initiatives like COVID-19 InfoVaccines are crucial to facilitate access to reliable information.

关键词： COVID-19 pandemic   mental health   children   families   coping   social determinants of health   anxiety   depression   equity   mental health services   PHENOMENOLOGY  

摘要： PurposeTo examine the lived experiences of children and adolescents coping with mental health issues and seeking mental health services in Saskatchewan during the COVID-19 *** our descriptive phenomenological qualitative study, we interviewed forty-six individuals, including children aged 8-15 and their parents. Thematic analysis was applied to interpret the interview *** analysis identified three key themes: pyscho-behavioural impact, academic impact, and social impact. The pandemic adversely affected children due to factors like changes in behaviours such as increased screen time and decreased physical activity, limited access to mental health services, and disruptions to schooling and social interactions. Coping mechanisms varied, ranging from the utilization of available mental health supports and services to individual and family-based strategies. Disparities in timely access to mental health services were evident, with financially stable families accessing private services, while others struggled, particularly in rural areas. Families demonstrated resilience through parental efforts to seek balance and prioritize safety amidst COVID-19 *** connectedness served as a crucial buffer against pandemic-induced stress. Children faced difficulty in accessing timely mental health services and supports. Echoing participant experiences, our findings emphasize the urgency of targeted interventions and policy adjustments to address existing gaps in mental health service accessibility and availability.

关键词： Coping mechanism   COVID-19   humor   linguistic devices   social media   systematic literature review   SNAPCHAT   JOKES   POWER   TIME  

摘要： Amid the global COVID-19 pandemic, the use of humor on social media has emerged as a significant area of study. Nevertheless, a thorough analysis that brings together the most recent research on humor related to the pandemic is required. This systematic literature review is designed to conduct a thorough analysis of existing research on COVID-19 humor on social media, specifically its themes and categories, coping mechanisms, effects on confidence in government institutions, and the use of specific linguistic devices. It examines the role of humor in the COVID-19 pandemic, providing a detailed descriptive qualitative analysis of 49 worldwide studies between 2019 and 2022. The findings reveal that humor serves as a coping mechanism, assisting individuals in navigating the challenges and uncertainties of the pandemic, thereby promoting mental well-being. Humor emerged as a powerful tool to critique government actions, uncover inefficiencies, and shape public discourse. Linguistic devices, including wordplay, irony, satire, and parody, play a crucial role in conveying messages and emotions related to the pandemic. However, the review highlights the potential for humor to propagate harmful stereotypes and contribute to discrimination. Future research should explore the cultural and social variations in humor styles, coping mechanisms, and the effectiveness of humor globally.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine   cirrhosis   Immunogenicity   LIVER-DISEASE   VACCINATION   RESPONSES  

摘要： The immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with liver cirrhosis remains largely unknown. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis and compare the humoral and cellular immune responses following complete COVID-19 vaccination between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1 January 2020 to 22 August 2023. Sixteen studies with 2127 cirrhosis patients were included. The pooled seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis following complete COVID-19 vaccination was 92.4% (95% CI, 86.2%-96%, I-2 = 90%) with significant between-study heterogeneity. Moreover, COVID-19 vaccination elicited a higher humoral immune response in patients of compensated cirrhosis as compared with decompensated cirrhosis (RR = 1.069, 95% CI, 1.011-1.131, I-2 = 17%, p = .019). Additionally, 10 studies were included for comparison analysis of seroconversion rate between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. The results showed that the seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis was slightly lower compared with healthy controls (RR = 0.972, 95% CI, 0.955-0.989, I-2 = 66%, p = .001). Meanwhile, the pooled RR of cellular immune response rate for cirrhosis patients vs. healthy controls was 0.678 (95% CI, 0.563-0.817, I-2 = 0, p < .0001). Our meta-analysis demonstrated that COVID-19 vaccination elicited diminished humoral and cellular immune responses in patients of cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis particularly decompensated cirrhosis who have completed full-doses of COVID-19 vaccination should receive continuous attention and preemptive measures.

关键词： Vaccine   COVID-19   heterologous booster   homologous booster   Comirnaty   CoronaVac   Vaxzevria   SCB-2019   Delta   Omicron   UNITED-STATES   DOUBLE-BLIND   SAFETY  

摘要： We assessed the non-inferiority of homologous boosting compared with heterologous boosting with the recombinant protein vaccine, SCB-2019, in adults previously immunized with different COVID-19 vaccines. Three equal cohorts (N similar to 420) of Philippino adults (18-80 years) previously immunized with Comirnaty, CoronaVac or Vaxzevria COVID-19 vaccines were randomized 1:1 to receive homologous or heterologous (SCB-2019) boosters. Neutralizing antibodies against prototype SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan-Hu-1) were measured in all participants and against Delta variant and Omicron sub-lineages in subsets (30-50 per arm) 15 days after boosting. Participants recorded solicited adverse events for 7 days and unsolicited and serious adverse events until Day 60. Prototype SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing responses on Day 15 after SCB-2019 were statistically non-inferior to homologous Vaxzevria boosters, superior to CoronaVac, but lower than homologous Comirnaty. Neutralizing responses against Delta and Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4 and BA.5 variants after heterologous SCB-2019 were higher than homologous CoronaVac or Vaxzevria, but lower than homologous Comirnaty. Responses against Omicron BF.7, BQ.1.1.3, and XBB1.5 following heterologous SCB-2019 were lower than after homologous Comirnaty booster but significantly higher than after Vaxzevria booster. SCB-2019 reactogenicity was similar to CoronaVac or Vaxzevria, but lower than Comirnaty; most frequent events were mild/moderate injection site pain, headache and fatigue. No vaccine-related serious adverse events were reported. Heterologous SCB-2019 boosting was well tolerated and elicited neutralizing responses against all tested SARS-COV-2 viruses including Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BF.7, BQ.1.1.3, and XBB1.5 sub-lineages that were non-inferior to homologous boosting with CoronaVac or Vaxzevria, but not homologous Comirnaty booster.