关键词： COVID-19   prophylaxis   immunocompromised  

摘要： France was the first country to grant Sipavibart (AZD3152, an investigational long-acting monoclonal antibody) as a COVID-19 pre-exposure prophylaxis treatment in immunocompromised individuals in December 2023. The first patients to receive Sipavibart had different profiles, but they were all highly immunocompromised with frequently associated hypogammaglobulinemia and other chronic conditions. No adverse event was reported.

关键词： Misinformation   deceptive strategy   immunization   vaccine skepticism   public health crisis  

关键词： Entrepreneurial orientation   tourism   hospitality   covid-19   recovery   environmental perception   Pablo Ruiz, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain   Environmental Economics   Hospitality   Tourism   ENVIRONMENTAL UNCERTAINTY   PERFORMANCE   STRATEGY   INNOVATION   BEHAVIOR   LINKING   IMPACT  

摘要： Literature is prolific on how several crises have affected tourism and hospitality. However, those studies are primarily concerned with the impacts at the destination level and less with tourism businesses' resilience and recovery. However, recently, some studies have addressed tourism resilience in a broader range, primarily because of how tourism and hospitality has been affected by COVID-19. The pandemic had completely different characteristics from other disasters that affected tourism businesses previously-namely, its global range and long duration. When studying business recovery, it is relevant to investigate how managerial models and perceptions affected how T&H firms responded to the consequences of the pandemic. The purpose is to study how T&H firms' entrepreneurial orientation and managers' perception of the external environment, namely market recovery, relate to the actions taken during the pandemic. We conducted a cluster analysis to test our propositions considering two clustering variables: EO (Entrepreneurial Orientation) and MRP (Market Recovery Perception). Results suggest three types of T&H firms exist and that these opted for different recovery actions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, our work presents a set of important theoretical and practical implications that can be useful to several stakeholders, namely academics and professionals.

关键词： COVID-19   vaccination   mRNA vaccine   Japan   hospitalization   SARS-COV-2 INFECTIONS   VACCINES   SURVEILLANCE  

摘要： Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was extraordinarily harmful, with high rates of infection and hospitalization. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination status and other factors on hospitalization and disease severity, using data from Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection with vaccination status were included and the differences in characteristics between different vaccination statuses, hospitalization or not, and patients with varying levels of disease severity were analyzed. Furthermore, logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the association of various factors with hospitalization and disease severity. From March 14, 2020 to August 31, 2022, 23,139 patients were unvaccinated 13,668 vaccinated the primary program with one or two doses, and 4,575 completed the booster. Vaccination reduced the risk of hospitalization with an odd ratio of 0.759 (95% CI: 0.654-0.881) and the protective effect of completed booster vaccination was more pronounced (OR: 0.261, 95% CI: 0.207-0.328). Similarly, vaccination significantly reduced the risk of disease severity (vaccinated primary program: OR: 0.191, 95% CI: 0.160-0.228; completed booster vaccination: OR: 0.129, 95% CI: 0.099-0.169). Overall, unvaccinated, male, elderly, immunocompromised, obese, and patients with other severe illness factors were all risk factors for COVID-19-related hospitalization and disease severity. Vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of hospitalization and disease severity, and highlighted the benefits of completing booster.

关键词： Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome   Long COVID   vaccination   booster   qualitative research   HESITANCY  

摘要： Individuals who have Long COVID may have unique perspectives about COVID-19 vaccination due to the significant impact that COVID-19 has had on their lives. However, little is known about the specific vaccination perspectives among this patient population. The goal of our study was to improve our understanding of perspectives about COVID-19 vaccines among individuals with Long COVID. Interviews were conducted with patients receiving care at a post-COVID recovery clinic. Deductive thematic analysis was used to characterize participant perspectives according to the vaccine acceptance continuum framework, which recognizes a spectrum from vaccine acceptance to refusal. From interviews with 21 patients, we identified perspectives across the continuum of vaccine acceptance. These perspectives included acceptance of vaccines to prevent future illness, concerns about vaccine side effects on Long COVID symptoms, and refusal of vaccines due to perceived natural immunity. A limitation of our study is that these perspectives are specific to individuals receiving care at one post-COVID recovery clinic. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that some patients with Long COVID are uncertain about COVID-19 vaccines and boosters but may also be amenable to conversations that impact future vaccination acceptance. Patient perspectives should be considered when communicating recommendations for COVID-19 vaccinations to this population.

关键词： COVID-19   vaccines   Kounis syndrome   allergic reaction   clinical manifestation   EPIDEMIOLOGY   PATHOGENESIS   VACCINES  

摘要： Kounis syndrome is an acute coronary syndrome triggered by allergic mediators that induce coronary vasoconstriction and thrombosis, leading to further myocardial damage and anaphylactic shock. Kounis syndrome is also a rare but severe adverse reaction to the COVID-19 vaccine, a phenomenon that underscores the importance of collecting and analyzing similar cases to improve treatment and prognosis. Through comprehensive searches of the Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed databases, this study aimed to gather detailed patient data on patients who developed Kounis syndrome after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine and to further investigate the possible underlying mechanisms using currently available studies. A total of 15 patients (8 females, 7 males) were found. We analyzed comprehensive patient data, including demographics, vaccination details, time of onset of illness after vaccination, clinical manifestations, treatment and outcomes, duration of illness, and relevant examination results. Analysis of these data combined with known allergy-related mechanisms indicated that, regardless of the vaccine type, the first dose of the vaccine was more likely to cause Kounis syndrome than subsequent doses. Therefore, early diagnosis and clinical symptomatic treatment are particularly crucial for managing the severity of Kounis syndrome and preventing further cardiac complications. Additionally, when an unusual and severe allergic reaction occurs within a few hours after vaccination, it is important to closely monitor the development of cardiac-related symptoms and prepare clinically for the potential onset of Kounis syndrome.

关键词： Online grocery shopping   COVID-19   consumer behaviors   technology acceptance model (TAM3)   perceived risk   perceived ease of use   Len Tiu Wright, De Montfort University Faculty of Business and Law, United Kingdom   Technology   Business, management and accounting   Information technology   ITEM RESPONSE THEORY   USER ACCEPTANCE   CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE   ELECTRONIC COMMERCE   PERCEIVED RISK   ADOPTION   BEHAVIOR   IMPACT   USAGE  

摘要： Grocery shopping is a necessity. The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented disruptions to all aspects of life including grocery shopping. Many households found it difficult to replace in-store shopping channels as governments enforced closures. The purpose of this study is to uncover how households in Canada responded to closures by switching to online shopping. This behavior change was not uneven. We analyze the demographic factors associated with the change in consumer behavior. Using recently published data by Statistics Canada, our empirical study found that a female consumer (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.69) is less likely to have increased OGS activities after the start of the pandemic. On the other hand, a consumer that is employed (OR = 1.36), 25-44 years old (OR = 1.68), university-educated (OR = 1.21) consumer, with a higher household income (OR = 1.10) is more likely to have increased OGS activities. An immigrant consumer (OR = 0.73) is less likely to have increased OGS activities. Different consumers exhibit different preferences for shopping platforms. This understanding offers a deeper understanding of consumer behavior to marketers, researchers, and policymakers who seek to improve online shopping for certain groups.

关键词： COVID   renal   kidney   transplant   rejection   IMMUNOSUPPRESSION  

摘要： Aim Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), due to their immunosuppressed status, are potentially more susceptible to both the severe effects of COVID-19 and complications in their transplanted organ. The aim of this study is to investigate whether COVID-19 infection increases the risk of rejection in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Methods This study involved a detailed literature review, conducted using PubMed, with the search being completed by September 7th, 2023. The search strategy incorporated a combination of relevant keywords: 'COVID', 'Renal', 'Kidney', 'Transplant', and 'Rejection'. The results from controlled and uncontrolled studies were separately collated and analyzed. Results A total of 11 studies were identified, encompassing 1,179 patients. Among these, two controlled studies reported the incidence of rejection in KTRs infected with COVID-19. Pooling data from these studies revealed no significant statistical correlation between COVID-19 infection and biopsy-proven rejection (p = 0.26). In addition, nine non-controlled studies were found, with rejection incidences ranging from 0% to 66.7%. The majority of these studies (eight out of nine) had small sample sizes, ranging from 3 to 75 KTRs, while the largest included 372 KTRs. The combined rejection rate across these studies was calculated to be 11.8%. Conclusion In conclusion, the limited number of published controlled studies revealed no statistically significant association between COVID-19 infection and biopsy-proven rejection among KTRs. However, the broader analysis of non-controlled studies showed a variable rejection incidence with a pooled rejection rate of 11.8%. There is insufficient high-quality data to explore the association of COVID-19 infection and rejection.

关键词： Epidemic   Alaska native   rural health   indigenous   infectious diseases   community participatory research   focus group   AMERICAN-INDIANS  

摘要： This manuscript presents a qualitative exploration of the experiences of people in two Southwestern Alaska communities during the emergence of COVID-19 and subsequent pandemic response. The project used principles of community based participatory research and honoured Indigenous ways of knowing throughout the study design, data collection, analysis, and dissemination. Data was collected in 2022 through group and individual conversations with community members, exploring impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included Elders, community health workers, Tribal council members, government employees, school personnel, and emergency response personnel. Notes and written responses were coded using thematic qualitative analysis. The most frequently identified themes were 1) feeling disconnected from family, friends, and other relationships, 2) death, 3) the Tribal councils did a good job, and 4) loss of celebrations and ceremonies. While the findings highlighted grief and a loss of social cohesion due to the pandemic, they also included indicators of resilience and thriving, such as appropriate and responsive local governance, revitalisation of traditional medicines, and coming together as a community to survive. This case study was conducted as part of an international collaboration to identify community-driven, evidence-based recommendations to inform pan-Arctic collaboration and decision making in public health during global emergencies.