关键词： ResNet   K-means   High-performance computing   Key-frame selection   Artificial intelligence   Machine learning   EXTRACTION  

摘要： In the last decades, technological advances have led to a considerable increase in computing power constraints to simulate complex phenomena in various application fields, among which are climate, physics, genomics and medical diagnosis. Often, accurate results in real time, or quasi real time, are needed, especially if related to a process requiring rapid interventions. To deal with such demands, more sophisticated approaches have been designed, including GPUs, multicore processors and hardware accelerators. Supercomputers manage high amounts of data at a very high speed; however, despite their considerable performance, their limitations are due to maintenance costs, rapid obsolescence and notable energy consumption. New processing architectures and GPUs in the medical field can provide diagnostic and therapeutic support whenever the patient is subject to risk. In this context, image processing as an aid to diagnosis, in particular pulmonary ultrasound to detect COVID-19, represents a promising diagnostic tool with the ability to discriminate between different degrees of disease. This technique has several advantages, such as no radiation exposure, low costs, the availability of follow-up tests and the ease of use even with limited resources. This work aims to identify the best approach to optimize and parallelize the selection of the most significant frames of a video which is given as the input to the classification network that will differentiate between healthy and COVID patients. Three approaches have been evaluated: histogram, entropy and ResNet-50, followed by a K-means clustering. Results highlight the third approach as the most accurate, simultaneously showing GPUs significantly lowering all processing times.

关键词： COVID-19   Educational innovation   Higher education   Sentiment analysis   Professors   Feedback   EMOTIONS   CLASSROOM   EDUCATION  

摘要： The COVID-19 pandemic forced higher education institutions to alter how they offer classes at an unprecedented pace. Due to ambiguities and lockdown restrictions, the transition phase negatively impacted students' and professors emotions. As a result, lecturers had to cope with unfamiliar online class teaching responsibilities and develop new teaching dynamics. This work aims to analyze one of the most adversely affected procedures of teaching, the written feedback provided to students. This research strives to explore whether the professors' feedback style altered from face-to-face education to online education on digital platforms during the COVID-19 restrictions. This exploratory-design study uses a mixed methodology to explain the subject on hand based on data collected from 117 undergraduate students. Sentiment lexicographers are utilized to address and identify the emotions expressed in the texts. Trust was the most frequent emotion expressed in face-to-face and online courses. It is also observed that the sentiments of joy and sadness changed significantly among online and face-to-face groups based on the professors' feedback style and approach. Finally, the study reveals that the joy words and the sadness words associated with the learning process are the most commonly utilized sentiments. This study suggests that when the courses transitioned from face-to-face to online learning, the professors' feedback changed to a more positive feeling that expressed appreciation for the students' work, encouraging them to strive for their complete academic development, and usher them into a better learning environment.

关键词： Pregnant women   Postpartum women   COVID-19 vaccine   Vaccine decision   Vaccine hesitancy   HESITANCY   CARE   UK  

摘要： IntroductionThe history of biomedical research is marred by racially discriminatory and abusive practices that impacted Black/African Americans. Medical racism impacts the trust and utilization of new medical interventions, such as the COVID-19 vaccine. This study aimed to understand Black pregnant and postpartum women's perspectives and decision-making about the COVID-19 *** used a qualitative descriptive design and recruited 23 pregnant and postpartum Black women aged 18 years and above. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed using content *** participants described factors influencing their decision to receive or not receive the COVID-19 vaccines. These factors included individual, cultural, ethnicity, religious, and family-related factors (individual-personal beliefs influenced decisions about the vaccine; ethnicity, culture, and religion influenced vaccine decision-making; group-family and friends played a role in decision-making), vaccine or vaccination-related issues (concerns about vaccination and pregnancy outcomes and mistrust in the vaccine information), and contextual influence (sources of vaccine information influenced decision-making and healthcare providers influenced decision-making).ConclusionUnderstanding the vaccine decision-making process of underserved populations likely to decline vaccination due to pregnancy, postpartum, and breastfeeding status will help design tailored interventions to improve vaccine acceptance in minority communities, especially for pregnant and postpartum women.

关键词： COVID-19   immunomodulatory   multiple sclerosis   post-COVID-19 syndrome   SARS-CoV-2   vaccine  

摘要： Background and purpose In October 2020, the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) consensus statement for management of patients with neurological diseases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was published. Due to important changes and developments that have happened since then, the need has arisen to critically reassess the original recommendations and address new challenges. Methods In step 1, the original items were critically reviewed by the EAN COVID-19 Task Force. In addition, new recommendations were defined. In step 2, an online survey with the recommendations forged in step 1 was sent to the Managing Groups of all Scientific and Coordinating Panels of EAN. In step 3, the final set of recommendations was made. Results In step 1, out of the original 36 recommendations, 18 were judged still relevant. They were edited to reflect the advances in knowledge and practice. In addition, 21 new recommendations were formulated to address the new knowledge and challenges. In step 2, out of the 39 recommendations sent for the survey, nine were approved as they were, whilst suggestions for improvement were given for the rest. In step 3, the recommendations were further edited, and some new items were formed to accommodate the participants' suggestions, resulting in a final set of 41 recommendations. Conclusion This revision of the 2020 EAN Statement provides updated comprehensive and structured guidance on good clinical practice in people with neurological disease faced with SARS-CoV-2 infection. It now covers the issues from the more recent domains of COVID-19-related care, vaccine complications and post-COVID-19 conditions.

关键词： CORONAVIRUS   DEPARTMENTS   RECOVERY  

摘要： The coronavirus pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19) was arguably the most pivotal global event that current generations have witnessed, with unprecedented global challenges, and colossal effects on health systems. The financial consequences, in particular, were profound and far-reaching. Staggering estimates of up to $50.7 billion dollars per month in lost revenue for the US health system were reported by the American Hospital Association (Kaye et al., 2021). The pandemic caused significant increases in cost of drugs, disruptions to medical supply chains, day-to-day workflow, and operations in all areas of medicine and various healthcare systems. Radiology experienced a significant burden of the damage, finding itself at the forefront of the pandemic's economic fallout (American Hospital Semin Ultrasound CT MRI 45: 309-313 (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pituitary apoplexy   Transsphenoidal surgery   Medical management   Outcomes   Review   ADENOMAS   HEMORRHAGE   RESECTION   SERIES   EXPERIENCE   OUTCOMES   DISEASE   SURGERY  

摘要： Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a clinical syndrome caused by acute hemorrhage and/or infarction of the pituitary gland, most commonly in the setting of a pituitary macroadenoma. PA generally presents with severe headache, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbance, and, in more severe cases, altered mental status. Many factors have been attributed to the risk of developing PA, including most recently, numerous reports showcasing an association with COVID-19 infection or vaccination. Initial management of PA includes evaluation and correction of deficient hormones and electrolytes and an assessment if surgical decompression to relieve pressure on optic nerves and other brain structures is needed. While prompt recognition and treatment are crucial to avoid morbidity and mortality, in the modern era, PA is less commonly considered a true neurosurgical emergency requiring immediate (< 24 h) surgical decompression. Traditionally, surgical decompression has been the standard of care for significant mass effects. However, several studies have shown similar outcomes in visual and hormonal recovery with either surgical decompression or conservative medical management. Unfortunately, most evidence on optimal management strategies is limited to retrospective case series, small prospective studies, and one multi-center observational study. This review aims to provide the most up-to-date evidence on the role of COVID-19 in PA and best management strategies.

关键词： School   general education   vocational education   digitalisation   digital utopianism   sociotechnical imaginaries   FUTURES   ICT  

摘要： This paper aims to capture the digital imaginaries of Hungarian schools through the lens of digital utopianism as a theoretical framework. Employing a qualitative research approach and semi-structured interviews, this study contributes to the body of literature concerning organizational and policy-level educational management. It investigates utopian and dystopian visions of digitalized schools within the Hungarian education system, featuring participants comprising school leaders, teachers, and administrative staff drawn from five institutions, offering either general or vocational education, representing diverse ownership structures, including state and religious ownership. The study highlights prominent themes of the imaginaries, such as funding and infrastructure, equity, misuse, and social and pedagogical relations and suggests further research directions and methodologies applicable in this field.

关键词： K18-hACE2 mouse model   long COVID   NETs   neutrophils   pulmonary fibrosis   SARS-CoV-2  

摘要： The involvement of neutrophils in the lungs during the recovery phase of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not well defined mainly due to the limited accessibility of lung tissues from COVID-19 survivors. The lack of an appropriate small animal model has affected the development of effective therapeutic strategies. We here developed a long COVID mouse model to study changes in neutrophil phenotype and association with lung injury. Our data shows persistent neutrophil recruitment and neutrophil extracellular trap formation in the lungs for up to 30 days post-infection which correlates with lung fibrosis and inflammation. image