关键词： Sleep disorders   Medical students   COVID-19   Depression   Anxiety   STRESS   DEPRESSION   QUALITY  

摘要： BackgroundThe prevalence of sleep disorders among medical students was high during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, fewer studies have been conducted on sleep disorders among medical students after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the prevalence and factors influencing sleep disorders among Chinese medical students after *** total of 1,194 Chinese medical students were included in this study from 9th to 12th July 2023. We used the Self-administered Chinese scale to collect the demographic characteristics. In addition, we used the Chinese versions of the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess subjects' depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, respectively. The chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to identify factors influencing sleep disorders. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to assess the predictive value of relevant variables for sleep *** found the prevalence of sleep disorders among medical students after COVID-19 was 82.3%. According to logistic regression results, medical students with depression were 1.151 times more likely to have sleep disorders than those without depression (OR = 1.151, 95% CI 1.114 to 1.188). Doctoral students were 1.908 times more likely to have sleep disorders than graduate and undergraduate students (OR = 1.908, 95% CI 1.264 to 2.880).ConclusionThe prevalence of sleep disorders among medical students is high after COVID-19. In addition, high academic levels and depression are risk factors for sleep disorders. Therefore, medical colleges and administrators should pay more attention to sleep disorders in medical students after the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular assessment of sleep disorders and depression is essential.

关键词： COVID-19   COVID-19-associated aspergillosis   Intensive care unit   Mortality   EPIDEMIOLOGY  

摘要： Background: This study aimed to identify factors that influence the mortality rate of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from 23 centers across 15 countries, spanning the period of March 2020 to December 2021, were retrospectively collected. The study population comprised patients who developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis while being treated for COVID-19 in the intensive care unit. Cox regression and decision tree analyses were used to identify factors associated with mortality in patients with CAPA. Results: A total of 162 patients (males, 65.4 %; median age: 64 [25th-75th: 54.0-73.8] years) were included in the study, of whom 113 died during the 90-day follow-up period. The median duration from CAPA diagnosis to death was 12 (25th-75th: 7-19) days. In the multivariable Cox regression model, an age of >= 65 years (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.05, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.37-3.07), requiring vasopressor therapy at the time of CAPA diagnosis (HR: 1.80, 95 % CI: 1.17-2.76), and receiving renal replacement therapy at the time of CAPA diagnosis (HR: 2.27, 95 % CI: 1.35-3.82) were identified as predictors of mortality. Decision tree analysis revealed that patients with CAPA aged >= 65 years who received corticosteroid treatment for COVID-19 displayed higher mortality rates (estimated rate: 1.6, observed in 46 % of patients). Conclusion: This study concluded that elderly patients with CAPA who receive corticosteroids are at a significantly higher risk of mortality, particularly if they experience multiorgan failure.

关键词： SELF-ENHANCEMENT   MODEL  

摘要： A theoretical perspective on grandiose narcissism suggests four forms of it (sanctity, admiration, heroism, rivalry) and states that these forms conduce to different ways of thinking and acting. Guided by this perspective, we examined in a multinational and multicultural study (61 countries; N = 15,039) how narcissism forms are linked to cognitions and behaviors prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As expected, differences in cognitions and behaviors across narcissism forms emerged. For example, higher narcissistic rivalry predicted lower likelihood of enactment of COVID-19 prevention behaviors, but higher narcissistic sanctity predicted higher likelihood of enactment of COVID-19 prevention behaviors. Further, whereas the heroism, admiration, and rivalry narcissism forms acted in a typically antisocial manner, with high narcissism predicting greater endorsement of unfounded health beliefs, the sanctity form acted in a prosocial manner, with higher narcissism being linked to lower endorsement of unfounded COVID-19 health beliefs. Thus, the findings (a) support the idea of four narcissism forms acting differently, and (b) show that these differences reflect a double-edged sword, sometimes linking to an anti-social orientation, and sometimes linking to a pro-social orientation.

摘要： To assess if preterm termination of pregnancy improves maternal outcome in COVID-19 ARDS. A 35-year-old, woman at 36 weeks period of gestation with severe COVID-19-related ARDS, whose rapid deterioration despite starting steroids, antibiotics, low molecular weight heparin, and optimizing ventilatory support, led us to intervene with a preterm emergency cesarean section. The most important factor in consideration was the limitation of maternal respiratory management due to pregnancy and superimposed maternal metabolic acidosis with the risk of fetal acidosis. The rationale of delivery was to improve respiratory mechanics and decrease maternal oxygen requirement. Some studies have discussed the importance of preterm termination of pregnancy with severe COVID-19 ARDS and investigated its impact on feto-maternal outcomes. This aspect is important as ethical and physiologic considerations in pregnancy, obviate the use of a single protocol for all pregnant women. Timely termination of pregnancy may improve maternal outcome in severe COVID-19 ARDS.

关键词： Conspiracy theory   Meaning in life   Alienation from society   Meaningfulness   Belonging   COVID   CRISIS   COHERENCE   DEMOCRACY   PURPOSE  

摘要： Background: Conspiracy theory belief - explaining the ultimate causes of social and political events with claims of secret conspiracies - is assumed to arise from a desire to make sense of uncertainty, especially in times of crisis. However, there is no compelling evidence that conspiracy theory belief actually fulfils this function, particularly in terms of evaluating one's life as meaningful. We posit that the adoption of conspiracy theory belief can be explained as a fluid compensation when a more proximal source of meaning, a sense of belonging to society, is threatened. Thus, a positive association between conspiracy theory belief and meaningfulness should emerge when people feel alienated from society. We therefore tested the hypotheses that alienation from society correlates negatively with meaningfulness (H1), and that it moderates the relationship between conspiracy theory belief and meaningfulness (H2). Method: Conspiracy theory belief related to the COVID-19 pandemic, meaningfulness (Meaning and Purpose Scales, MAPS), and perceived alienation from society were assessed in a representative sample of N = 974 German residents. Results: As expected, alienation from society was inversely related to meaningfulness and moderated the relationship between conspiracy theory belief and meaningfulness. According to the interaction, a positive association between belief in conspiracy theory and meaningfulness emerged when individuals experienced themselves as alienated from society. Conclusion: The results suggest that conspiracy theory belief might alleviate a lack of meaningfulness caused by experienced alienation from society. Individuals who felt discriminated against, treated unequally, or having their rights restricted were more likely to hold conspiracy theory belief, which was associated with a greater sense of meaning in their lives.

关键词： COVID-19   SARS-CoV-2   Cerebellitis   Cerebellar ataxia   Systematic review   MYOCLONUS   ATAXIA  

摘要： Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been linked to neurological complications, including Cerebellitis. This study aims to investigate the clinical features, and consequences of Cerebellitis following COVID-19 infection, informing medical management strategies. Methods: A systematic search was conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest, and Cochrane databases from January 2018 to September 12, 2023, on cases post-COVID-19. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and diagnostic techniques were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Chi-Square tests assessed associations between diagnoses and treatments, with visualizations including heatmaps and scatter plots . Results: After the final Screening, the analysis of 18 cases revealed Cerebellitis post-COVID-19 spanned 9 countries, predominantly from the USA (27.8 %), with a mean patient age of 40.1 years (+/- 24.6). Males comprised 94.4 % of cases. Common underlying conditions included hypertension (22.2 %) and diabetes (11.1 %). Neurological symptoms presented on average 15.15 +/- 12.7 days post-COVID-19 infection. A moderate negative correlation (r =-0.358) was observed between age and symptom onset. Blood and CSF biomarkers showed weak correlations with symptom onset intervals. Treatment efficacy varied, with most cases achieving symptomfree outcomes. The Chi-Square test for diagnosis-treatment associations yielded a p-value of 0.089, and for follow-up outcomes, a p-value of 0.283, indicating no significant statistical associations. Conclusion: This systematic review highlights increased reports of Cerebellitis in males in their fourth decade of life, with the highest comorbidities being vascular diseases. Marker assessments show a decrease in CSF protein in half of patients, along with complete recovery following combination treatment with antivirals and steroids in acute Cerebellitis.

关键词： ARIMAX   COVID-19   Electricity demand   Factor analysis   Machine learning   Sparse modeling   REGRESSION-MODEL  

摘要： The recent COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated drastic changes in economic and lifestyle conditions, significantly altering residual electricity demand behavior. This alteration has expanded the demand gap between actual and forecasted electricity usage based on pre-pandemic data, highlighting a critical global issue. Many studies in the pandemic have explored the features of this widening gap, which is impacted by major social events like fast virus spread and lockdowns. However, the influence of factors like economic shifts and lifestyle changes on this demand remains largely unexplored, primarily due to the pandemic's significant effects in these areas. Understanding the essential factors affecting the demand gap is crucial for stakeholders in the electricity sector to develop effective strategies. This study examines the hourly electricity consumption and related factors during the specified period. We present a method combining timeseries forecasting and sparse modeling. This helps identify critical factors affecting the electricity demand gap during the pandemic, highlighting the most crucial variables. Utilizing this method, we identify the variables that have undergone significant changes during the pandemic and evaluate their effects on the electricity demand gap. The effectiveness is proven by applying it to the dataset collected in German.

关键词： COVID-19   vaccination   adverse events   latent class analysis   Fukushima cohort   SEX-BASED DIFFERENCES   IMMUNE-RESPONSES  

摘要： Introduction: Vaccination has been implemented as a useful measure to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a tendency for individuals to avoid vaccination due to the possibility of adverse events, making it important to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 vaccines and their adverse events. This study explored longitudinal adverse event patterns and factors that influence adverse events following the second to fourth doses of the COVID-19 vaccine through a latent class analysis. Methods: Participants were recruited from the Fukushima Prefecture and included individuals who had completed four doses of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. This study utilized data from questionnaire surveys and blood collection conducted between September 2021 and November 2022. In the questionnaire, factors such as sex, age, medical history, medication, type of vaccine administered, and adverse events following vaccination were recorded. Additionally, in the blood data, serological tests [IgG(S)] and cellular immune responses (T-spot) were measured. Descriptive statistics, latent class analysis, multivariable logistic regression, and multiple regression analyses were performed to identify the longitudinal adverse event patterns and influencing factors. By analyzing adverse events over time, we identified two distinct groups: those less prone to experiencing adverse events (Group 1) and those more susceptible (Group 2) to latent class analysis. Results: A total of 1,175 participants were included after excluding those without any adverse events. The median age of the participants in Group 1 was 70 years, and in Group 2 it was 51 years. The proportion of female participants was 298 in Group 1 and 353 in Group 2. Patients in Group 2 were significantly younger (p < 0.001) and more likely to be female (p < 0.001) than those in Group 1. Furthermore, the median IgG(S) value after the fourth vaccination was 3,233 AU/mL in Group 1 and 4,059.39 AU/mL in Group 2. The median T-spot valu

关键词： Stress   Hispanic/Latino   Mental Health   Farmworker   Qualitative research   HEALTH   DISPARITIES   DEPRESSION   COMMUNITY   STRESS  

摘要： ObjectiveIndividuals and families from racial and ethnic groups experience social and economic disadvantage making them vulnerable to the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to capture the impacts of Shelter in Place (SIP) across key life domains including family life, education, work, mental health, and coping strategies among a sample of Mexican-origin mothers who were currently engaged in agricultural work, or whose spouses were engaged in agricultural work, and young adults who had a parent working in *** the summer of 2020, while California was under SIP orders, we conducted three virtual focus groups using Zoom(r). We recruited focus group participants from the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS), an ongoing, 20-year, longitudinal cohort study of Mexican-origin families in a predominantly agricultural area of California. Three focus groups were conducted with mothers (n = 9), mean age = 48 years, young adult women (n = 8) and young adult men (n = 5), mean age = 18 years, *** reported high levels of stress stemming from fear of Covid-19 infection, work instability and financial concerns, children's schooling, anxiety about an uncertain future, and the demands of caretaking for dependents. Adverse mental health impacts were particularly pronounced among participants experiencing multiple adversities pre-dating the pandemic, including unemployment, single motherhood, and having undocumented family members. For young adults, work instability and varying work hours were also a source of stress because they made it difficult to make decisions about the future, such as whether to attend college or how many classes to take. Families used coping strategies including expressing gratitude, focusing on what's under one's control, familismo, and community engagement to manage mental health challenges during *** the event of future pandemics o