关键词： TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR   NF-KAPPA-B   CYSTIC-FIBROSIS   ENDOCYTIC TRAFFICKING   CARDIAC-GLYCOSIDES   MODIFIER GENES   CELL-SURFACE   IMAGING CFTR   LUNG-DISEASE   DEGRADATION  

摘要： SARS-CoV-2-contributes to sickness and death in COVID-19 patients partly by inducing a hyper-proinflammatory immune response in the host airway. This hyper-proinflammatory state involves activation of signaling by NF kappa B, and unexpectedly, ENaC, the epithelial sodium channel. Post-infection inflammation may also contribute to "Long COVID"/PASC. Enhanced signaling by NF kappa B and ENaC also marks the airway of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis, a life-limiting proinflammatory genetic disease due to inactivating mutations in the CFTR gene. We therefore hypothesized that inflammation in the COVID-19 airway might similarly be due to inhibition of CFTR signaling by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and therefore activation of both NF kappa B and ENaC signaling. We used western blot and electrophysiological techniques, and an organoid model of normal airway epithelia, differentiated on an air-liquid-interface (ALI). We found that CFTR protein expression and CFTR cAMP-activated chloride channel activity were lost when the model epithelium was exposed to SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins. As hypothesized, the absence of CFTR led to activation of both TNF alpha/NF kappa B signaling and alpha and gamma ENaC. We had previously shown that the cardiac glycoside drugs digoxin, digitoxin and ouabain blocked interaction of spike protein and ACE2. Consistently, addition of 30 nM concentrations of the cardiac glycoside drugs, prevented loss of both CFTR protein and CFTR channel activity. ACE2 and CFTR were found to co-immunoprecipitate in both basal cells and differentiated epithelia. Thus spike-dependent CFTR loss might involve ACE2 as a bridge between Spike and CFTR. In addition, spike exposure to the epithelia resulted in failure of endosomal recycling to return CFTR to the plasma membrane. Thus, failure of CFTR recovery from endosomal recycling might be a mechanism for spike-dependent loss of CFTR. Finally, we found that authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus infection induced loss of CFTR protei

关键词： Adherence   college students   COVID-19   health behaviors   pandemic   PERSONALITY  

摘要： Objective: The present study aimed to determine correlates of adherence to COVID-19 health precautions among college students. Drawing from the literature, the following constructs were considered: self-efficacy, conscientiousness, social support, collectivism, empathy, and fear of COVID. Participants: Undergraduate students (N = 92) recruited from psychology classes and social media, living on and off-campus, served as participants during fall 2020. Methods: Participants completed a short self-report survey, delivered online, measuring adherence to COVID-19 health precautions and its possible correlates. Results: After preliminary comparisons showing no differences in adherence between students living on and off-campus, linear regression analyses of the complete sample revealed that the significant predictors of adherence were conscientiousness, collectivism, empathy, and fear of COVID. Conclusions: College student adherence was largely driven by interpersonal motivators coupled with a modest level of fear, rather than more general constructs. These findings offer implications for considering targets in public health campaigns delivered to college students.

摘要： World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global health emergency due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which has spread uncontrollably around the world1. To limit the spread of the pandemic, governments in countries around the world have imposed various restrictions, which have led to a reduction in the movement of people, a decrease in transportation (roads and flights), and even a halt to industrial activities2. The Indonesian government is pursuing various policies to avoid an increase in the spread of Covid-19 since the case was detected in Indonesia. One of the government’s policies is to issue regulations so that people reduce activities outside the home known as Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). This study analyzes data from the results of air quality testing in Yogyakarta from the Ministry of Environment (KLH), the number of students, teachers, lectures, and government employee working in schools, university, and governments. The data is data in 2020 at the time of the Covid-19 Pandemic and is compared with data in 2019 before the Covid-19 pandemic occurred. Based on the circular letter of the Governor of the Special Region of the employee on duty is regulated with a composition of at least 50% working in the office and a maximum of 50% working at home. There are 538,605 students at the high school and university levels in Yogyakarta who has experienced the impact of the implementation of the PSBB. The regional employees in the Special Region of Yogyakarta is a 50% decrease. The Community Mobility Trends Report shows that there has been a significant decline in social activities outside the home since late February. The decrease in mobility and the decrease in community activities outside the home affect the air quality in the Yogyakarta City environment. This can be proven by an increase in ambient air quality in Yogyakarta City in 2020. This is indicated by a decrease in SO2, NO2, and CO levels in the air in the Yogyakarta environment. Base

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics  

摘要： The emphasis on ensuring sufficient quality respiratory protective equipment for individuals and staff and providing acute and follow-up care for patients at risk of infection compounded the course of COVID-19 at the beginning of 2020. A shortage of protective equipment, particularly respiratory protective equipment, was noted early in the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the project Mobile Personal Protective Respirator at VSB – Technical University of Ostrava was to develop a modular respiratory protection system to protect the population and ensure maximum protection for staff providing specimen collection, patient transport, and other things. The maximum emphasis is placed on the simplicity of application and modularity, while maintaining the greatest degree of comfort for the users of these systems. To develop the correct shape of the mask and its inhalation or exhalation opening, CFD tools are used, which are indispensable tools in the development of technologies in all possible sectors. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： social isolation   loneliness   COVID-19 anxiety   smartphone addiction   multiple mediations   DEPRESSION   MODEL  

摘要： Background The widespread use of smartphones has significantly increased smartphone addiction among college students, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, university campuses in mainland China have strictly followed the Chinese government's strict quarantine policy, including closed campus management, prohibitions against gatherings, and social distancing, increasing student loneliness and anxiety and thus increasing the risk of smartphone addiction. Extant Studies have revealed that social isolation is a prominent predictor of smartphone addiction but have failed to systematically explore the complex relationship between social isolation and smartphone addiction in the context of COVID-19; therefore, the underlying mechanisms of these factors in the post-pandemic era are *** This study is the first attempt to consider loneliness, COVID-19 anxiety and social isolation as a whole and to clarify the underlying mechanisms of social isolation and smartphone addiction by constructing a multiple mediating *** This study included students enrolled at eight higher education institutions in Conghua District (Guangzhou city). Quota proportional sampling was adopted, 900 self-report questionnaires were distributed through the WeChat groups of these universities from December 10 to December 15, 2022, and 868 valid questionnaires (620 females, 248 males) were ultimately *** The direct effect of social isolation on smartphone addiction was significant, and loneliness and COVID-19 anxiety mediated the association between social isolation and smartphone addiction in both parallel and sequential ways. Moreover, a reverse mediation model with COVID-19 anxiety as the first mediator and loneliness as the second mediator was *** College students who experience social isolation are at greater risk for smartphone addiction, and the core factor leading to their smartphone addiction is the subjective psycholog

关键词： COVID-19   Lebanon   Lifestyle behaviors   Physical health   Mental health   Sexual behavior   Dietary habits   Unhealthy behaviors   PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY   DIETARY HABITS   STRESS  

摘要： IntroductionThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly become a worldwide threat to human health and has significantly impacted people's lives and changed their lifestyles and health behaviors. This study aims to assess lifestyle and health-related behaviors (LHBs) and associated factors among the general population in Lebanon during the COVID-19 *** online cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 Lebanese adults. The study questionnaire was developed on Google Forms in English and Arabic. It included self-reported questions about sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19, and perceived behavioral changes (smoking, alcohol consumption, sexual and hygiene behaviors, and intake of nutritional supplements and immunity-boosting foods). It also comprised three scales, i.e., the Lifestyle and Health Behaviors questionnaire (LHB-17), the WHO-5 Well-being Index, and the Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S).ResultsThe mean age of participants was 29.74 +/- 10.81 years, with 51.2% females. Most participants reported that COVID-19 negatively affected their LHBs, mainly diet, sleep, and psychological well-being, while physical activity aspects remained unaffected. Female gender (Unstandardized Beta (ss) = - 2.336), living in Lebanon (ss = - 7.502), nargileh smoking (ss = - 3.433), high BMI (ss = - 0.263), and increased daily usage of electronic devices during the COVID-19 lockdown (ss = - 0.853) were significantly associated with lower LHB-17 scores, indicating worsened LHB. However, living in urban areas (ss = 2.464), employment status (ss = 1.920), good overall health (ss = 3.543), a higher quality of life (ss = 0.204), and unaffected physical (ss = 2.101) and mental (ss = 1.586) health during the COVID-19 lockdown were all significantly associated with higher LHB-17 scores, reflecting positive *** adults reported several unfavorable lifestyle changes and psychological problems during the lockdown due to COVID-19, particularl

关键词： COVID-19   Post-COVID-19   Clinical characteristics   In fl ammatory markers   Anti- SARS-CoV-2 IgG   C-reactive protein   COVID-19   PATHOPHYSIOLOGY   INFECTION   COHORT   IMPACT  

摘要： Background: Post-coronavirus disease 2019 (post-COVID-19) is associated with considerable morbidity and reduced quality of life. However, studies characterizing the post-COVID-19 condition in Kenya are limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition and determine the clinical characteristics, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers, and concentrations of in fl ammatory markers of individuals with post-COVID-19 condition in Kenya. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kenyatta University Health Unit, Kenya. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a questionnaire. The serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were quanti fi ed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IL-6, and CRP levels between the participants with and without post-COVID-19 symptoms. The case de fi nition for post-COVID-19 condition was persistence of acute COVID-19 symptoms or emergence of new symptoms 3 months after COVID19 diagnosis, symptoms lasting for >= 2 months, and absence of any other etiological basis to explain the symptoms. Conclusion: These fi ndings suggest that post-COVID-19 condition is a health concern even for a relatively young population in Kenya and globally. This condition requires more attention and well-designed studies to better de fi ne it and identify clinical chemistry markers that can be used for its diagnosis.

关键词： Health care workers   Qualitative research   Iran   Preventive measures of COVID-19   PRIMARY-HEALTH-CARE  

摘要： BackgroundThis study aims to explore the experiences of Behvarzes regarding the reasons behind the insufficient participation of some individuals with the preventive protocols established during the COVID-19 *** qualitative study was conducted from July 2021 to December 2022 using the conventional content analysis method. Purposive sampling was employed to select 14 Behvarzes working in villages covered by Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth individual interviews and analyzed using conventional content *** study identified seven subcategories which were grouped into two main categories of reasons for inadequate compliance with health protocols by some individuals. These include: (1) Intentional non-compliance with preventive protocols, with the following subcategories: perceived obligation and adherence to social customs, denial of risk, belief in external health locus of control, and fear and distrust of prevention and treatment methods. (2) Unintentional non-compliance with preventive protocols, with the following subcategories: insufficient or contradictory information, negligence, and *** findings suggest that ensuring compliance with health guidelines is not a one-size-fits-all approach. providing empowerment and obstacle removal solutions to those forced to violate preventive protocols for various reasons are all critical components of successful interventions. Also, cultural familiarity can aid in the design of appropriate interventions to address these challenges.