摘要： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the debilitating global pandemic known as Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this paper, we highlight the widespread manifestations and complications across disease systems. In addition, we present their relevant imaging findings to inform appropriate investigations and management in patients presenting to the Emergency Department with COVID-19 and its respective sequalae. Of note, we outline considerations for diagnosis of long COVID, an important medium to long term sequalae in patients with previous COVID-19 infections.

关键词： COMMUNICATION  

摘要： Background The likelihood of COVID-19 spreading from one individual to another is impacted by personal factors, preventive actions taken, and the quantity and length of exposure. Social media instantly shares health information with the public so medical professionals can interact with *** The review used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. We retrieve articles by using keywords on Pub Med, Cochrane Library, and grey literatures. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument was used to check the quality of articles. The main qualitative synthesis was including comments related to the characteristics of the studied populations, the study period, and the main results obtained from the social media *** This study includes 32 studies conducted in 20 countries globally. Most of the studies discussed that during the pandemics different types of social medias were utilized to provide knowledge to change the attitude of the people and helps to practices COVID-19 preventive behaviors. By enabling people to seek and share knowledge, socialize, and find pleasure, social media use encourages people to adopt preventive behaviors. This review demonstrated a substantial relationship between higher levels of precautionary behaviors and factors such as educational status, knowledge, fear, and reading medical pages on social media. According to the studies, watching videos is a reliable means to get accurate information, and watching animated films posted on social media can help people learn more about COVID-19 preventive *** In these urgent times, social media could even help with quick information availability; misinformation or inadequate understanding can cause misunderstandings within the community. This analysis revealed that following medical pages on social media, having knowledge, feeling afraid, and having an educational background we

摘要： Objectives To describe the management of haematological patients experiencing prolonged SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding, as the optimal management strategy for this condition remains *** We conducted a retrospective evaluation of our prospectively followed cohort of haematological patients treated with remdesivir for more than 10 days. Starting January 2023, upon COVID-19 diagnosis, the treatment strategy was based on symptoms and PCR cycle threshold (Ct) as follows: (i) when Ct was 25 or less or if the patient had symptoms, a course of remdesivir for at least 10 days, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for 5 days (whenever possible) and convalescent plasma was administered; and (ii) when the patient was asymptomatic and had a PCR Ct of more than 25, when possible, a course of 5 days of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was administered. The patient was considered to have achieved viral clearance and, thus, remdesivir was stopped, in either of these cases: (i) PCR negativity, or (ii) subgenomic RNA *** From January to November 2023, 18 patients benefited from a safe extended remdesivir administration, resulting in detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance in a median time of 3.5 weeks (IQR 2.6-3.9) (min-max 1.6-8.0). No clinical or biological side effects were detected. No patient died or needed further treatment for their COVID-19 *** The extended course of remdesivir, combined with other active therapies for COVID-19 infection, was well tolerated. Cure and virus negativity were obtained in all these high-risk patients.

关键词： Accountability   Employment   COVID-19   Localization   Public choice   KSA   PUBLIC CHOICE THEORY   LOCALIZATION   MANAGEMENT   SERVICE  

摘要： PurposeThis study analyses the socioeconomic impact of COVID-19 on government accountability regarding the employment of both national and migrant workforces by bringing evidence from an emerging market. In doing so, this study addresses if/how the government discharged its accountability to the public during this recent global health crisis, which started in late 2019, with its effects still being felt ***/methodology/approachThis study is based on a close reading of the relevant news media (local and international), published research and official reports, as well as ten conversations with business managers to analyse the socioeconomic impact of COVID-19 on government accountability in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This study draws on insights from public choice theory in trying to understand why some governments take an economic perspective while exercising accountability to their population during the *** was found that COVID-19 led the government to pursue plans for the localization of the professions and increase employment rates among nationals vs. foreigners or migrant workers. The crisis was exploited by the government to achieve macro socio-political and economic goals, demonstrating its accountability to citizens, rather than foreign workers. This shift shows that difficult and exceptional circumstances can present opportunities for policymakers in emerging markets to achieve national policy and political ***/valueThis study enhances the author's understanding of accountability during crises (i.e. crises-induced accountability) in emerging markets. The analyses presented enrich the crisis management literature by highlighting the implicit actions of national leaders that affect the lives and well-being of their constituents, especially vulnerable groups.

关键词： COVID-19   phytochemicals   foods   beverages   consumption habits   prevention   recovery   SEVERITY  

摘要： Introduction There have been large geographical differences in the infection and death rates of COVID-19. Foods and beverages containing high amounts of phytochemicals with bioactive properties were suggested to prevent contracting and to facilitate recovery from COVID-19. The goal of our study was to determine the correlation of the type of foods/beverages people consumed and the risk reduction of contracting COVID-19 and the recovery from *** We developed an online survey that asked the participants whether they contracted COVID-19, their symptoms, time to recover, and their frequency of eating various types of foods/beverages. The survey was developed in 10 different *** The participants who did not contract COVID-19 consumed vegetables, herbs/spices, and fermented foods/beverages significantly more than the participants who contracted COVID-19. Among the six countries (India/Iran/Italy/Japan/Russia/Spain) with over 100 participants and high correspondence between the location of the participants and the language of the survey, in India and Japan the people who contracted COVID-19 showed significantly shorter recovery time, and greater daily intake of vegetables, herbs/spices, and fermented foods/beverages was associated with faster *** Our results suggest that phytochemical compounds included in the vegetables may have contributed in not only preventing contraction of COVID-19, but also accelerating their recovery.

关键词： Dynamic capabilities   Operational capabilities   Marketing capabilities   Technological capabilities   Organizational learning   PLS-SEM   PERFORMANCE   KNOWLEDGE   STRATEGY   IMPACT   SMES   ENTREPRENEURSHIP   FOUNDATIONS   ORIENTATION   INNOVATION   SYSTEMS  

摘要： PurposeUsing dynamic capabilities (DCs) theory, the authors assess whether micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) can leverage DCs to improve operational capabilities (OCs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors also identify whether organizational learning (OL) affects the relationship between DCs and ***/methodology/approachThe authors test these propositions on a sample of 419 MSMEs from Australia and New *** have no direct effect on OCs, technological or marketing capabilities (TCs or MCs). OL moderates the effect of DCs on both TCs and *** limitations/implicationsThe study assesses only MCs and TCs as OCs and does not explicitly measure pandemic impacts on organizations. However, the results illustrate the importance of OL during crises for recovery *** implicationsManagers can use the findings to improve structure, processes and knowledge management emanating from MCs and TCs within organizations impacted by the COVID-19 ***/valueThe authors use a multi-dimensional measure of OL and show that during the pandemic, OL is a critical factor that allows organizations to transform the benefits conferred by DCs into MCs and TCs.

关键词： global health   COVID   civil-military relations   securitization   militarization  

摘要： As the COVID-19 pandemic took hold around the world, national militaries were widely deployed to reinforce states' responses to the unprecedented health event. This article considers how civil-military collaboration in future major health emergencies can be most effective and how militaries can be part of a shift from crisis response to preparedness. Abstract Over the past decade, militaries have been highly visible elements in the response to health emergencies and in particular disease outbreaks. Although there has been a long tradition of civil-military collaboration in health, COVID-19 saw an unprecedented worldwide use of militaries which occurred within a permissive environment established by narratives of global health, humanitarian intervention and multi-sectorality. This creates a dilemma: militaries will likely be an important element in responding to a major health emergency and this risks not only militarizing health emergencies, but affects the balance between society and the military more generally. Moreover, the response to the COVID pandemic suggested that current emergency planning is often poorly prepared for the use of militaries in health crises, thereby reducing the effectiveness of a response. This article engages with how concerns over the securitization of health have evolved into concerns over militarization, and the question of how militaries might be used effectively in future health emergencies without risking the militarization of health or damaging civil-military relations more widely.

关键词： COVID-19   SARS-CoV-2   neurological   in-hospital mortality   ventilation   CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS   MANIFESTATIONS   DISEASE   WUHAN  

摘要： Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has been associated with severe neurological consequences, including stroke or seizures, and less severe neurological sequelae, including headaches, dizziness, and anosmia. Earlier COVID-19 variants were associated with high morbidity and mortality; however, knowledge of the impact of neurological conditions in the setting of COVID-19 on healthcare outcomes is limited. We sought to determine the impact of acute neurological conditions and acute COVID-19 infection on inpatient hospitalization outcomes. Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study of adult patients who were admitted to a large academic medical center in the Southeastern US between April 2020 and December 2021 with acute COVID-19 infection and a neurological diagnosis. Patient demographics, medical history, neurological diagnoses, and hospitalization outcomes were obtained from the medical record. Descriptive statistics and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Of the 1,387 patients included in this study, 27% died and 23% were kept under ventilation during hospitalization. The mean +/- standard deviation (SD) age was 64.6+/-16.9 years, with 52.8% women and 30.1% identifying as Black/African American. The most common neurological conditions included ischemic stroke (35.0%), movement disorder (12.0%), and hemorrhagic stroke (10.7%). In-hospital death was most common among those with epilepsy (p = 0.024), headache (p = 0.026), and dementia (p < 0.0001) compared to individuals without those conditions. Ventilation support was given more commonly to dementia patients (p = 0.020). Age was a significant risk factor for death (p < 0.001) and hospital length of stay (LOS) for ventilation (p < 0.001), but no neurological condition was a significant factor in adjusted logistic regression analyses. Discussion: Mortality was high in this study, with more than one-quarter of patients dying in the hospital. De

关键词： COVID-19   post-acute sequelae of COVID-19   mortality   South Korea   cohort studies   COMPLICATIONS   MECHANISMS   DISEASE  

摘要： Background: Current understanding of post-COVID-19 syndrome in South Korea is primarily based on survey studies or research targeting specific patient groups, such as those hospitalized. Moreover, the majority of relevant studies have been conducted in European and North American populations, which may limit their applicability to the South Korean context. To address this gap, our study explores the one-year outcomes of COVID-19, focusing on the potential post-acute syndrome and all-cause mortality in South Korea. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used nationwide claims data in South Korea, including adults aged >18 with records between January 20, 2020, and February 25, 2021. Patients were classified into COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups and matched 1:1 based on propensity scores. Primary outcomes were 12-month post-acute COVID-19 syndrome and all-cause mortality. Results: The study involved 34,802 matched patients. The COVID-19 group had significantly elevated risks of coagulopathies (OR = 2.70 [2.24, 3.28]; p < 0.001), chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR = 1.96 [1.80, 2.14]; p < 0.001), symptoms of the circulatory and respiratory systems (OR = 1.91 [1.80, 2.04]; p < 0.001), mood disorders (OR = 1.67 [1.51, 1.86]; p < 0.001), cardiac diseases (OR = 1.39 [1.21, 1.59]; p < 0.001), and symptoms of cognition, perception, emotional state, and behavior (OR = 1.15 [1.04, 1.27]; p = 0.005). All-cause mortality was higher in the COVID-19 group during the 6 months (OR = 1.34 [1.06, 1.69]; p = 0.015), but gradually decreased, reaching an OR of 0.996 ([0.83, 1.19]; p = 0.964) at 1 year. Conclusion: In South Korea, the 12-month post-acute COVID-19 syndrome includes coagulopathies, respiratory issues, mood disorders, and cardiac diseases. The risk of all-cause mortality post-COVID-19 is heightened for up to 6 months, then significantly decreases and resolves within a year.