关键词： Cognitive behavioral therapy   Children   Adolescents   Anxiety   Depression   Predictors   Transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy   Parent-led   HOMEWORK COMPLIANCE   ADOLESCENT ANXIETY   CHILDREN   PSYCHOTHERAPY   DISORDERS   CHILDHOOD  

摘要： BackgroundA brief, parent-led, transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) approach demonstrated utility among youth struggling with emotional problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Homework completion between sessions is directly associated with psychotherapy treatment outcomes in non-parent-led CBT interventions. The present study sought to examine the relationship between homework completion and treatment response in a parent-led transdiagnostic CBT *** first aim was to determine if completion of between session CBT homework was associated with change in symptom severity. The second aim was to determine if pre-treatment anxiety severity, social anxiety severity, and depressive symptoms were associated with treatment ***-hundred twenty-nine parents of youth (ages 5-13) with significant emotional problems received 6 sessions of telehealth parent-led CBT during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on children's anxiety symptomology, clinical severity, homework compliance, depression, family relationships, perceptions on the impacts of the pandemic, treatment response, and therapists rating of symptom improvement were *** completion explained 9% of the variance in symptom improvement at post-treatment. Greater homework completion was associated with a significantly higher odds of treatment response (OR = 1.52, p = .001). Child anxiety severity, depressive symptoms, family relationships, and perceptions on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic were not significantly related to treatment *** of homework predicted treatment outcomes in parent-led, transdiagnostic CBT for youth with emotional problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, while controlling for parent-rated anxiety, depression, family relationships, and COVID-related distress. Enhancing and targeting homework compliance between CBT sessions should be a central element of parent-led treatment.

关键词： Cognitive impairment   Severe covid   Mini-Cog-test  

关键词： COVID-19   School closures   Summer schools   Learning deficits   Educational attainment   Standardised tests   INEQUALITY   SIZE  

摘要： In response to the COVID-19 related school closures and with the aim of strengthening education system resilience, numerous countries have implemented focused remedial programs during both the academic year and summer breaks. This study examines the persistence of learning deficits and the efficacy of summer schools in the Flemish region of Belgium, one year after the COVID-19-related school closures. Utilizing a seven-year panel dataset of standardized test scores in primary education, we identify between-cohorts learning deficits compared to 2019 levels in all subjects but social science. Our analysis reveals that, although summer schools targeted at vulnerable students have effectively mitigated further learning deficits in these schools, disparities in educational attainment persist. A quantile analysis suggests that mathematics test scores of the best-performing students within a school have significantly declined. This paper contributes to the understanding of education impacts stemming from educational disruptions, highlighting the role of remedial interventions in mitigating these effects.

关键词： COVID-19   difference-in-differences   essential caregiver   nursing homes residents   INFORMAL CARE   RISK-FACTORS   FORMAL CARE   QUALITY  

摘要： Federal authorities banned nursing home visitation in the early days of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, there was growing concern that physical isolation may have unintended harms on nursing home residents. Thus, nursing homes and policymakers faced a tradeoff between minimizing COVID-19 outbreaks and limiting the unintended harms. Between June 2020 and January 2021, 17 states implemented Essential Caregiver policies (ECPs) allowing nursing home visitation by designated family members or friends under controlled circumstances. Using the Nursing Home COVID-19 Public File and other relevant data, we analyze the effects of ECPs on deaths among nursing home residents. We exploit variation in the existence of ECPs across states and over time, finding that these policies effectively reduce both non-COVID-19 and COVID-19 deaths, resulting in a decrease in total deaths. These effects are larger for states that implemented policies mandatorily or without restrictions, indicating a dose-response relationship. These policies reduce non-COVID-19 deaths in facilities with higher quality or staffing levels, while reducing COVID-19 deaths in facilities with lower quality or staffing levels. Our findings support the use and expansion of ECPs to balance resident safety and the need for social interaction and informal care during future pandemics.

关键词： COVID-19   Early therapies   Variant of concern   Viral clearance  

摘要： This retrospective observational study investigates the impact of early COVID-19 therapies, including antivirals and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), on time to achieve negative swab results in high-risk outpatients infected with specific Omicron sublineages. The study enrolled 104 patients from Luigi Sacco Hospital in Milan between December 2021 and March 2023, categorizing them based on the Omicron sublineage they were infected with (BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/BA.5) and the early treatment they received (antivirals or mAbs). Key data collected included demographic and clinical characteristics, initial and follow-up cycle threshold (Ct) values from qPCR tests, and the interval between swabs. The median age of the participants was 63 years (Interquartile Range [IQR] 54.076.5), and 55.8% were male. Among the patients, 15 received mAbs (14.4%), and 99 received antiviral treatments (95.2%) - specifically, Paxlovid (51.9%), Molnupiravir (21.1%), and Remdesivir (12.5%). No patients required hospitalization or experienced mortality during the one-month follow-up period. Regarding Omicron sublineages, 23 patients (22.1%) were infected with BA.1, 53 (51%) with BA.2, and 28 (26.9%) with BA.4/BA.5. The median interval between the initial and follow-up swabs was 6 days (IQR 6.0-7.0). Initial Ct values had a median of 18.5 (IQR 16.5-22.1), which increased to a median of 30.5 (IQR 27.1-33.0) at follow-up, indicating a reduction in viral load. A non-significant trend suggested that patients infected with BA.2 and BA.4/BA.5 sublineages might experience a faster increase in Ct values-indicating quicker viral load reduction - compared to those infected with BA.1, regardless of treatment type. However, this trend did not achieve statistical significance (p=0.609), likely due to the limited sample size and the absence of a clear trend curve. In summary, the study did not find a significant association between specific early therapies and the time to achieve swab negativization. These findings unde

关键词： Employee security violations   Behavioral information security   Crises   Workplace change   Employee stress   Longitudinal approach   COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOR   INFORMATION-SYSTEMS SECURITY   COMPUTER ABUSE   JOB INSECURITY   ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE   POSTTRAUMATIC GROWTH   POLICY COMPLIANCE   FAMILY CONFLICT   SELF-CONTROL   TELEWORK  

摘要： Whether malicious or not, employees' actions can have significant and detrimental outcomes for their organizations. Such is the case in organizational cybersecurity, as many issues stem from trusted individuals who have access to sensitive data, information, and systems. We explore the phenomenon of employees' security violations in the context of pandemic-induced stressors among employees working from home (WFH) during a 10-day period of the COVID-19 pandemic. By assessing several categories of stressors and violation behaviors among 333 WFH employees daily for two work weeks, we discovered several stressors that significantly explained security violations during the pandemic. Within-person deviations in competing demands due to security emerged as a significant predictor of a subsequent increase in violations, and the effect of privacy invasion/monitoring concerns was marginally significant. We also found evidence that family-to-work conflict resulted in higher levels of daily security violations, but work-to-family conflict failed to exhibit any significant relationship with our outcome of interest. Unexpectedly, moderator analyses indicate that employees' sharing of digital devices with others in the WFH environment might limit rather than exacerbate the effects of daily stressors on security violations. Thus, technology- and non-technology-related factors are associated with employees' decisions to violate their organizations' security expectations in a WFH environment. Our findings provide an expanded view of how stressors relate to employees' security violations and what organizations can do to limit them in times of crises.

摘要： Rising vaccine hesitancy is often related to negative vaccination media coverage. It is generally accepted that the media played a great role in spreading the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) childhood vaccination scare first in the UK and then worldwide. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the MMR vaccination rate dropped further in some countries. This paper examines the Serbian news media framing of the MMR vaccination controversy in the period 2019-2023 (periods of declining MMR vaccination rate, rising COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and the 2023 measles outbreaks). Furthermore, the paper questions whether the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the MMR vaccine narrative in the newspapers. For this reason, quality content analysis of the press in combination with framing approaches (diagnostic-prognostic-motivational framing tasks and responsibility framing) were used. In total, 122 articles dealing with the MMR vaccine and measles epidemics were analysed. According to the press, the most significant cause of the declining MMR rate is anti-vaccination campaigns and conspiracy theories by the "anti-vax lobby" (diagnostic frames). The pandemic was the other significant cause for the intake drop. Achieving herd immunity through vaccine uptake is offered as the best solution (prognostic frames). Finally, MMR vaccination campaigns and penalties for non-compliant parents and vaccine refusers are proposed as calls to action (motivational frames). During this period, the press did not publish any "sensational anti-vax stories". Considering the low MMR vaccine numbers in Serbia in this period, positive media messages did not have a significant influence on improving the vaccination rate. Thus, I suggest that Serbian parents distrust vaccination information presented by the dominant news, including the advice of health experts.

关键词： social marketing   prevention   gynecological cancer(s)   cervical cancer  

摘要： Objectives: Assessment of the development and description of social marketing features in Poland and the United States regarding the prevention of gynecological cancer and attainments of these countries. Material and methods: The description research based on the comparative analysis of five social campaigns in Poland and five social campaigns in the United States that were focused on the gynecological cancer prevention. Results: In the United States, there are more materials available on social campaigns dedicated to the prevention of gynecological cancer, and there are more public organizations that are involved in health promotion activities than in Poland. As opposed to American campaigns, Polish social campaigns did not cover all types of gynecological cancer. The study revealed that Facebook is the most used social media platform by the social campaign organizers. Conclusions: Social marketing tools are underutilized in gynecologic cancer prevention in both Poland and the United States, leaving ample room for future improvement in its use.

关键词： Women's mobility   Transportation   COVID-19   Rural   India   SOCIAL EXCLUSION   CARE  

摘要： Purpose: Railways are crucial as public transport in rural India in connecting the villages with cities. Since COVID-19, most of the trains in rural India have not stopped at small railway stations, which has impacted the mobility of the villagers. This study is conducted in Piprai, a village in North India, to explore the impact of nonhalting trains since COVID-19 on young girls in rural India. Design/methodology/approach: The study adopts a qualitative research design to explore the impact of non-halting trains since COVID-19 on young girls in rural India. Qualitative data was collected from three sources. Two physical participatory workshops were conducted in Piprai in March 2021 and October 2022 with 10 and 12 participants, respectively. A WhatsApp group was formed with six girls for continuous feedback and discussions. A social activist from the same area was the point of contact and was interviewed to understand the overall condition of women in the village. Findings: The results provide valuable insights into how the lack of public transportation since COVID-19 has affected young girls in rural India. Women's mobility has been limited, which has led to a halt in higher studies, being unable to visit hospitals regularly and meeting relatives, especially parents in different cities. Furthermore, the above reasons have led to anxiety and mental disturbance. Originality/value: This study is among the first to explore the impact of lack of transportation since COVID-19 on women in rural India. This is the first time any such study has been conducted in the remote area of Bundelkhand, UP, India.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2   Vaccine multidose   Stability   Newcastle Disease Virus   Thermotolerant   Lyophilization   NDV-HXP-S   Preservative  

摘要： Current lead coronavirus vaccines require continuous cold or ultra-cold storage from the manufacturing site to the field to maintain protective efficacy. Since cold chain capacity is limited and complex, logistics planning is crucial to limit vaccine wastage.[1] The restrictive storage concerns also make it difficult to share vaccines between public health departments and neighboring states, leading to increased vaccine wastage.[2] A Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) vector-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) vaccine candidate, NDV-HXP-S, offers a cost-effective alternative which aims to improve global access to SARS CoV-2 vaccines.[3] The NDV-HXP-S vaccine candidate can be mass-produced in chicken eggs and has demonstrated efficacy in preclinical studies, as well as acceptable safety and potent immunogenicity in clinical studies.[3,4-10] To further advance the NDV-HXP-S vaccine candidate, this manuscript describes work focused on the development of multidose thermotolerant vaccine formulations (i.e., those which would not require continuous extended refrigeration), making it convenient to use and store, and simplifying transport and distribution logistics, especially in outbreak settings. Liquid and lyophilized formulations for parenteral administration were rigorously screened for the vaccine formulation's ability to maintain S-antigen stability after exposure to temperature stress at 40 degrees C, 25 degrees C, and 2 degrees C to 8 degrees C storage for six months. Preservative efficacy was evaluated to enable a multidose liquid vaccine format as well as endotoxin testing in lyophilized formulations. Lead liquid vaccine formations were identified that were able to maintain S-antigen content at 2 degrees C to 8 degrees C and 25 degrees C storage for the entire six-month study. Lead lyophilized vaccine formulations were identified which were able to maintain S-antigen content for six months at 2 degrees C to 8 degrees C, 25 degrees C, and